Human Biomechanics and Injury Prevention

ISBN-13: 9784431669692 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 266 str.

J. Kajzer; E. Tanaka; H. Yamada

Opis

Human biomechanics is an important research field in achieving safety, health, comfort, and a high quality of life in a world where the older generation soon will outnumber the younger generation. Recently there have been significant developments in this new field ofresearch, addressing such issues as injury prevention in various types of accidents, the causes of human bodily dysfunction, function recovery through medical care and training, and func tional reinforcement by sports. These issues are studied on the basis of the biomechanics of the cells, tissues, organs, and systems of the human body. To achieve the aim of providing support for better lives from the aspect of mechanical engineering, the Human Life Support Biomechanics Endowed Chair at the Graduate School of Engineering at Nagoya University was established more than 3 years ago with a donation from the Toyota Motor Corporation. Since that time, we have been conducting intensive research in the field as well as trying to publicize our work in Japan. The results of our research have been presented at conferences both at home and abroad. We have also en deavored to underscore the importance of the field by organizing symposiums with carefully designed programs."

Spis treści

Perspectives on Impact Biomechanics from Traffic Accident Analysis.- Biomechanics and Its Impact on Human Life: From Gene Expression to Organ Physiology.- Recent Advances in the Biomechanics of the Head and Neck.- The Tibia Index: A Step in the Right Direction.- The Biomechanics of Frontal and Lateral Collision.- Influence of Human Spinal Deformation on Minor Neck Injuries for Low Speed Rear Impacts.- 'Hybrid' Approach to Modelling of Biomechanical Systems.- Current Status of Finite Element Human Model Using PAM-CRASH.- Finite Element Model for Simulation of Muscle Effects on Kinematic Responses of Cervical Spine in Low-Speed Rear-End Impacts.- A Biomechanical P.E.E.E.P. Show.- The Development of Chest Protection.- The Activities and Research Projects of the Ministry of Transport and Traffic Safety & Nuisance Research Institute.- Optimized Belt Systems for Front and Rear Seat Passengers.- Development of a Finite Element Model of the Human Lower Extremity for Assessing Automotive Crash Injury Potential.- Development of a Human Ankle/Foot Model.- The Behavior of Bicyclist in Accidents with Cars.- Mechanical Influences on Skeletal Regeneration.- Soft Tissues and Their Functional Repair.- An Application of the Pipette Technique to the Measurement of Local Mechanical Properties of Aortic Walls.- Locations of Bone Formation Change According to the Waveform of Loads - Hypothetic Mechanism of Cells to Detect Mechanical Environment of Bone.- Active Stress Models of Cardiac Muscle, Smooth Muscle and Skeletal Muscle.- Development of High-Speed Tensile Test System for Ligaments and Skeletal Muscles.- Developments in the Provision of Wheelchairs and Seating in Tayside, Scotland.- Bringing Advances in Wheelchairs to the People Who Need Them.- One Basic Research Approach for Assistive Technology in Japan.- Some Mechanical Problems to Use Electric Wheelchairs at a Snowy Region.- Estimation of Lower Limb Muscle Function from Kinematic Gait Analysis and Muscle Tension Model.- A New Force Limitation Mechanism for Risk Reduction of Rehabilitation Robots.- Computational Rehabilitation Engineering with a Walking Model Fine-tuning the Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in the Knee.- Biomechanics of the Soft Tissue in Repetitive Motion Disorders.- Biotribological Aspects of Natural Synovial Joints and Artificial Joints.- Fundamental Study of Dynamic Analysis of Lumbar Vertebrae.- A Study on Development of the Total Hip Prosthesis Design Fitted for Japanese Patients with Secondary Osteoarthrosis.- Mechanical Functions of Human ACL Bundles: Development and Application of a Robotic Knee Simulator.- Mechanical Properties of Impacted Human Morsellised Cansellous Allografts for Revision Joint Arthroplasty.