Human Assessment: Cognition and Motivation

ISBN-13: 9789024733316 / Angielski / Twarda / 1986 / 495 str.

Stephen E. Newstead; Sidney H. Irvine; Peter L. Dann

Opis

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Athens, Greece, December 10-20, 1984

Spis treści

1. Approaches to the Assessment of Cognition, Motivation and Personality. Lecture Summaries.- Section 1. Psychometric Approaches to the Assessment of Cognitive Abilities.- Lecture 1: Factor-analytic Investigations of Cognitive Abilities.- Lecture 2: Defining Abilities through the person-characteristic Function.- Lecture 3: Cognitive Components and Psychological Processes.- Lecture 1: The Biological Basis of Intelligence.- Approaching the LIQ: New Waves and Old Problems in Individual Differences.- Section 2. Information Processing Approaches.- Lecture 1: The Information Processing Approach to Intelligence.- Lecture 2: Verbal Comprehension.- Lecture 3: Attention.- Lecture 1: Overview of the Triarchic Theory of Human Intelligence.- Lecture 2: The Componential Subtheory.- Lecture 3: The Experiential and Contextual Subtheories.- Section 3. Cross-Cultural Perspectives.- Cognitive and Motivational Differences Between Asian and Other Cultures.- Speed of Cognitive Processing: Cross-Cultural Findings.- Lecture 1: The Comparative Study of Cognitive Abilities: Historical and Comtemporary Issues.- Lecture 2: Organisation and Ecology of Cognitive Abilities.- Lecture 3: Indigenous and Universal Cognitive Functioning.- Australian Aboriginal Cognition in Context.- Section 4. Non-Standard Approaches to Assessment.- Lecture 1: Methods of Assessing Competence.- Lecture 2: Assessing High Order Cognitive Skills.- Lecture 3: Assessing Motivation, Values and Coping Skills that Affect Competence.- Contributions of Animal Cognition to the Understanding of Human Cognition.- Section 5. Personality.- Lecture 2: The Biological Basis of Personality.- Lecture 3: The Biological Basis of Neurosis.- Lecture 1: Personality Inventories.- Lecture 2: Projective and Objective Tests.- Lecture 3: Measuring Unconscious Processes.- Section 6. Aptitudes and Learning.- Lecture 1: A Framework for Aptitude Theories.- Lecture 2: Toward a Theory of Cognitive Aptitude for Learning from Instruction.- Lecture 3: Cognitive and Motivational Process Analysis of Tests, Tasks and Treatments.- 2. Assessment: Practical Implications for Education and Other Fields.- Section 1. Cognitive Abilities.- Reanalyses of Factor-Analytic Studies of Mathematical Abilities.- Metacognition, Social Context and Personal Factors in Arithmetic Problem Solving.- The Role of Word Familiarity in Word Recognition.- Intellectual, Memory and Neuropsychological Assessment: a Clinical Survey.- Section 2. Personality, Cognitive Style and Concentration.- The Interaction of Cognition and Motivation in Performance on Tests of Field Dependence-Independence.- Current Theoretical Considerations of the Trait Concept: Empirical Facts and Implications for Personality Inventory Construction.- A Life-Span Study of Liberal Arts and Professional Groups on Personal and Intellective Growth.- Concentration Ability of Students in Education: Construction and Validity of a Questionnaire.- Student Attention during Instruction and Achievement.- Personality and Test Performance.- Section 3. Environmental and Social Factors.- Asssessing the Role of Intelligence, Motivation and Coping Skills in Explaining the Latin-Americans’ Intellectual Competence in School.- Performance Based Assessment of Depriving Environments: Comparison of Context/Response Interactions within Inner-City and Suburban School Settings.- Achievement Motivation and Socialisation.- Females in Technical Apprenticeship: Development of Aptitudes, Performance and Self-Concept.- The Effects on Performance of the Congruence between Goal-Setting Strategies and Socio-Cultural Values.- 3. Approaches to Assessment: Seminar Abstracts.- Section 1. Computerised Assessment.- Validation of the Micropat Battery of Pilot Aptitude Tests.- Measures of Thirty Cognitive Tasks: Intercorrelations and Correlations with Aptitude Battery Scores.- Analysing Cognitive Learning Strategies through Micro-Computer Based Problem-Solving Tasks.- Computers in Instructional Testing: Some Considerations.- Programming for Computer Controlled Tasks.- Using Qualitative Data to Test Computer Models of Children’s Word Problem Solving.- Computerised Assessment and Remediation of Perceptual Skill.- Section 2. Psychometric and Clinical Assessment.- Measuring of Spatial Visualising Ability.- Components of Spatial Ability.- Attitudes: Their Relationship with Intelligence and Achievement and their Evaluation.- Possibilities and Problems of Program-Independent Achievement Testing.- The Motivation Induction Method: A Technique to Identify the Content and to Measure the Future Time Perspective of Motivational Goal Objects.- Personality Assessment: Projective Techniques and Psychopathology.- Body Image Assessment and Its Clinical Application.- Assessing the Motivation and Cognition of Physically Handicapped by a Simulator.- Section 3. Testing and Item Bias.- Conceptual Implications of Bias.- Explaining Item Bias.- Latent Class Representation of Systematic Patterns in Test Responses.- Approaches for Identifying and Understanding Bias in Test Items.- Group Differences in Structured Tests.- Individual Response Hierarchies: A Neglected Issue in the Assessment of States and Traits.- Applying Appropriateness Measures in Achievement and Personality Assessment.- An IP Approach Towards a Structural Theory of Item-Equivalence.- A Holistic Problem-Solving Approach to Reasoning Personality and Intelligence.- Cognition and Motivation — Bringing Them Together.- Section 4. Educational Implications.- The Construction and Use of a Learning Process Test.- Potential Applications of the New Research Arena with the Positron Emission Tomographer (PET) to the Field Of Learning and Its Disorders.- Motivation and Information Processing in Learning Experiments.- Assessing Creative Use of Learning.- Section 5. Cognition and Skill.- Trait Anxiety and Cognitive Task Performance.- Constraints on Cognitive Skill.- Direct Temporal Analysis of Individual Differences in Cognitive Skill.- Covariation of Video Game Cognitive Effort and Pupil Diameter.- Conscious and Unconscious Processes in Motivation.- Attunement of Encoding Affect, Attention and their Effect on Memory of Mood of Narrative.- Goals and Strategies for Portraying Cognitive Structures.- Quantifiers and Context.- Section 6. Development, Social and Cross-Cultural Factors.- Temperamental Individuality and Behaviour Problems in Childhood.- Nigerian Field Research with Infants and Mothers: Studies of Perception, Communication and Interaction.- Operationalisation of Various Conceptions of the Emic-Etic Distinction.- Explanation of Structural Cerebral Asymmetries.- Studies of the Factor Structure and External Validity of Social Intelligence Tests.- Effects of Self-Control Ad Payment Manipulation on the Performance of Complex Tasks under Time-Sharing Conditions.- References.