High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) for Energy Applications

ISBN-13: 9780857090126 / Angielski / Twarda / 2011 / 432 str.

Opis

High temperature superconductors (HTS) offer many advantages through their application in electrical systems, including high efficiency performance and high throughput with low-electrical losses. While cryogenic cooling and precision materials manufacture is required to achieve this goal, cost reductions without significant performance loss are being achieved through the advanced design and development of HTS wires, cables and magnets, along with improvements in manufacturing methods. This book explores the fundamental principles, design and development of HTS materials and their practical applications in energy systems.

Part one describes the fundamental science, engineering and development of particular HTS components such as wires and tapes, cables, coils and magnets and discusses the cryogenics and electromagnetic modelling of HTS systems and materials. Part two reviews the types of energy applications that HTS materials are used in, including fault current limiters, power cables and energy storage, as well as their application in rotating machinery for improved electrical efficiencies, and in fusion technologies and accelerator systems where HTS magnets are becoming essential enabling technologies.

With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, High temperature superconductors (HTS) for energy applications is an invaluable reference tool for anyone involved or interested in HTS materials and their application in energy systems, including materials scientists and electrical engineers, energy consultants, HTS materials manufacturers and designers, and researchers and academics in this field.

• Discusses fundamental issues and developments of particular HTS components
• Comprehensively reviews the design and development of HTS materials and then applications in energy systems
• Reviews the use of HTS materials and cabling transmissions, fault alignment limiters, energy storage, generators and motors, fusion and accelerator

Spis treści

Contributor contact details

Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy

Dedication

Preface

Part I: Fundamental science and engineering of high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials and components

Chapter 1: Fundamental issues in high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials science and engineering

Abstract:

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Fundamental superconductor physics

1.3 Types, properties and performance of HTS materials

1.4 Manufacturing methods for HTS materials

1.5 Challenges and future trends

1.6 Conclusions

Chapter 2: High temperature superconductor (HTS) wires and tapes

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Challenges with high temperature superconductor (HTS) wires and tapes

2.3 Manufacturing scale-up of 2G HTS tapes and prototype devices

2.4 Future of HTS wires and tapes and current research focus

2.5 Conclusions

Chapter 3: High temperature superconductor (HTS) cables

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Short survey on properties and availability of technical long length high temperature superconductors (HTS)

3.3 Basic requirements for cables for different applications

3.4 HTS cable configurations

3.5 Future trends and challenges

3.6 Conclusions

Chapter 4: Bulk high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Design of bulk high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials

4.3 Development and application of bulk HTS materials

4.4 Challenges and future trends

4.5 Technological and commercial barriers to adoption of bulk superconductors

4.6 Future trends

Chapter 5: High temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Electromagnets

5.3 Superconducting magnets

5.4 Superconducting wires

5.5 Examples of HTS magnets

5.6 Future trends

5.7 Conclusions

5.8 Acknowledgements

Chapter 6: Cryogenics for high temperature superconductor (HTS) systems

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Cooling methods for superconducting magnets

6.3 Cryogenics issues: cooling sources, heat sources and measurement

6.4 Cryostat construction

6.5 Cooler performance

6.6 Thermometry

6.7 Development and applications of cryogenics for HTS systems

6.8 Challenges and requirements

6.9 Typical guidelines for cryogen-free magnet systems

6.10 Conclusions

6.12 Acknowledgement

Chapter 7: Electromagnetic modeling of high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials and applications

Abstract:

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Overview of modeling approaches for HTS materials

7.3 Modeling methods for DC conditions

7.4 Modeling methods for AC conditions

7.5 Future challenges and trends

7.6 Conclusions

7.7 Acknowledgment

Part II: Application of high temperature superconductor (HTS) materials and components in energy systems

Chapter 8: Superconducting fault current limiters and power cables

Abstract:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Fault current limiters

8.3 Superconducting power cables

8.4 Conclusions

Chapter 9: Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems

Abstract:

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems limitations

9.3 Superconducting magnet

9.4 SMES uses and history

9.5 Conclusions

9.6 Acknowledgments

Chapter 10: Application of high temperature superconductor (HTS) technology in rotating machinery

Abstract:

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Types, properties and performance of high temperature superconductor (HTS) generators and motors

10.3 Fundamental design and development issues for HTS generators and motors

10.4 Key requirements for successfully applying HTS technology

10.5 Challenges and future trends

10.6 Conclusions

Chapter 11: High temperature superconductors (HTS) in fusion technologies

Abstract:

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Magnetic field and magnet current density considerations for a fusion reactor

11.3 Operating temperature of the magnet system

11.4 Indications for the cooling system of the fusion reactor magnet system

11.5 Potential HTS conductors and superconducting material for future fusion reactors

11.6 HTS current leads

11.7 Conclusion

Chapter 12: High temperature superconductors (HTS) in accelerator systems

Abstract:

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Fundamental issues for HTS in accelerators

12.3 Types, properties and development of HTS for accelerators

12.4 Applications of HTS in accelerators

12.5 Challenges and future trends

12.6 Conclusions

12.7 Sources of further information and advice

Index

O autorze

Dr Ziad Melhem is Key Accounts Manager at Oxford Instruments (OI), UK. He is widely regarded for his work in applied superconductivity, with over 20 years' experience in superconductivity and cryogenics including low and high temperature superconductor materials and applications.