High-Pressure Shock Compression of Solids V: Shock Chemistry with Applications to Meteorite Impacts

ISBN-13: 9781461265528 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 248 str.

Lee Davison; Yasuyuki Horie; Toshimori Sekine

Opis

Shock waves produce a wide variety of physical, chemical, mineralogical, and other effects in materials through which they pass. Since the beginning of civili zation, shock phenomena have been subjects of continuing interest, speculation, and enquiry. The interdisciplinary aspects of investigations of shock phenomena are especially noteworthy, and these investigations have been pursued by scien tists and engineers from a broad range of disciplines. Among the more novel and interesting investigations are those motivated by problems that arise in the Earth and planetary sciences. Such events as meteorite impacts produce the obvious cratering effects seen on the planets and their sat ellites. More subtle effects become apparent upon chemical and petrographic examination of the shock-compressed solid material. Shock waves are also prevalent in the larger universe, and have played a prominent role in shaping the solar system as we know it. The material in interstellar gas and dust clouds, comets, etc., is processed by shock waves, producing important chemical effects, including formation of complex organic molecules. The process of accretion of planets involves impacts of dust particles at relative velocities ranging from a fraction of a millimeter per second to impacts of larger bodies at velocities as great as several tens of kilometers per second. The resulting shock waves cause both chemical and physical changes that are manifest in the bodies involved."

Spis treści

Experimental Techniques for the Simulation of Shock Metamorphism: A Case Study on Calcite / Shock Experiments on a Preheated Basaltic Eucrite / Structural Evolution of Quartz and Feldspar Crystals and their Glasses by Shock Compression / Shock Reactions of Carbon-Bearing Materials and their Cosmochemical Significance / Shock-Induced Phase Transitions in Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite / Shock Wave Chemistry and Ultrafine Diamond from Explosives in China / Redistribution of Radiogenic Lead in Plagioclase during Shock Metamorphism / Terrestrial Acidification at the K/T Boundary / Impact Processes of Ice in the Solar System

O autorze

The subject of this book is the shock synthesis of materials, with emphasis on the applications to meteorites and cosmochemistry. The high pressures and high temperatures that meteorites encounter produce unique chemical, mineralogical, and mechanical properties, which in turn can be used to elucidate their origins and history.