High Power Laser-Matter Interaction

ISBN-13: 9783540506690 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 416 str.

Peter Mulser

Opis

Inthepresentvolumethemainaspectsofhigh-powerlaser matterinteractionin 10 22 2 theintensityrange10 10 W/cm aredescribed. Weofferaguidetothistopic forscientistsandstudentswhohavejustdiscoveredthe eldasanewandattractive areaofresearch, andforscientistswhohaveworkedinanother eldandwantto joinnowthesubjectoflaserplasmas. Beingawareofthewidedifferencesinthe degreeofmathematicalpreparationtheindividualcandidatehasacquiredwetried topresentthesubjectinanalmostself-containedmanner. Tobemorespeci c, a bachelordegreeinphysicsenablesthereaderinanycasetofollowwithoutdi- culty. Generally uidorgasdynamicsanditsrelativisticversionisnotapartof thiseducation;itisdevelopedinthecontextwhereitisneeded. Basicknowledgein theoreticalmechanics, electrodynamicsandquantumphysicsaretheonlyprereq- sitesweexpectfromthereader. Throughoutthebookthemainemphasisisonthe variousbasicphenomenaandtheirunderlyingphysics. Notmoremathematicsthan necessaryisintroduced. Thepreferenceisgiventoideas. Agoodmodelisthebest guidetotheadequatemathematics. Thereexistalreadysomebutnotsomany, however, goodvolumesandsome monographsonhigh-powerlaserinteractionwithmatter. Afterresearchinthis eld hasgrownoverhalfacenturyandhasrami edintomanybranchesoffundamental studiesandapplicationsproducingcontinuouslynewresults, thereisnoindication ofsaturationorlossofattraction, ratherhasexcitementincreasedwiththeyears: Therearenolimits;horizonsonly (G. A. Mourou). Wetakethisasamotivation foranewattemptofpresentingourintroductiontotheachievementsfromthebeg- ninguptopresent. Anadditionalaimwastoofferamoreuni edormoredetailed viewwherethisispossiblenow. Furthermore, thereadermay ndconsiderations not encountered in existing volumes on the eld, e. g., on ideal uid dynamics, dimensionalanalysis, questionsofclassicaloptics, instabilitiesandlightpressure. Inviewoftherapidlygrowing eldofatoms, moleculesandclustersexposedto superstronglaser eldsweconsidereditascompulsorytodedicateanentirechapter tolaser atominteractionandtothevariousmoderntheoreticalapproachesrelated toit. Finally, aconsistentmodelofcollisionlessabsorptionisgiven. Dependingonpersonalpreferencesthereadermaymissperhapsasectionon inertialfusion, onhighharmonicgenerationandonradiationfromtheplasma, or ontraditionalatomicandionicspectroscopy. Inviewofthespecializedliterature vii viii Preface alreadyavailableonthesubjectswethinktheself-imposedrestrictionisjusti ed. Ourreferencingpracticewasguidedbyindicatingmaterialforsupplementaryst- iesandestablishingacontinuitythroughthedecadesofresearchinthe eldrather thanbytheaimofcompleteness. Thelatternowadaysiseasilyachievablewiththe aidoftheInternet. Wehavetestedthetextwithrespecttocomprehensionandreadability. Our rst thanksgotoProf. EdithBoriefromtheForschungszentrumKarlsruhe. Shepro- readgreatpartsofthetextverycarefullyandgavevaluablecomments. Insecond placewewouldliketothankMrs. ChristineEidmannfromTheoreticalQuantum A Electronics (TQE), TU Darmstadt, for typing in LTX half of the book. We are E furtherindebtedtoProf. RudolfBockfromGSI, Darmstadt, forhelpfuldiscussions andprecioushints. Furtherthanksforhelpfuldiscussions, criticalcomments, che- ingformulasgotoDr. HerbertSchnabl, Prof. WernerScheid, Dr. RalfSchneider, Dipl. -Phys. TatjanaMuth, Dr. SteffenHain, andDr. FrancescoCeccherini. Wewant toacknowledgeexplicitlythecontinuouseffortandsupportinpreparingthe nal manuscript by Dr. Su-Ming Weng from the Insitute of Physics, CAS, China, at presentfellowoftheHumboldtFoundationatTQE. Forhisprofessionalinputto thesectiononBrillouinscatteringspecialthanksgotoDr. StefanHullerfromEcole PolytechniqueinPalaiseau. Darmstadt, Germany PeterMulser Rostock, Germany DieterBauer Contents 1 Introductory Remarks and Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 The Laser Plasma: Basic Phenomena and Laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 1 Laser ParticleInteractionandPlasmaFormation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2. 1. 1 High-PowerLaserFields. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2. 1. 2 SingleFreeElectronintheLaserField(Nonrelativistic). . 9 2. 1. 3 CollisionalIonization, PlasmaHeating, andQuasineutrality 13 2. 2 FluidDescriptionofaPlasma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2. 2. 1 Two-FluidandOne-FluidModels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2. 2. 2 LinearizedMotions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2. 2. 3 SimilaritySolutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 2. 3 LaserPlasmaDynamics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 2. 3. 1 PlasmaProductionwithIntenseShortPulses . . . . . . . . . . . 60 2. 3. 2 HeatingwithLongPulsesofConstantIntensity. . . . . . . . . 63 2. 3. 3 SimilarityConsiderations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 2. 4 SteadyStateAblation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 2. 4. 1 TheCriticalMachNumberinaStationaryPlanarFlow. . . 75 2. 4. 2 AblativeLaserIntensity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 2. 4. 3 AblationPressureintheAbsenceofPro leSteepening. . . 82 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 3 Laser Light Propagation and Collisional Absorption . . . . . . . . . . .

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"The aim of the present work is the description of the main aspects of laser-matter interaction ... . In the book many considerations are added which are not covered in former textbooks or monographies. ... The book is intended for students of graduate courses, but it may be also useful for scientists as a reference book." (Claudia-Veronika Meister, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1221, 2011)

Spis treści

Introductory Remarks and Overview.- The Laser Plasma: Basic Phenomena and Laws.- Laser Light Propagation and Collisional Absorption.- Resonance Absorption.- The Ponderomotive Force and Nonresonant Effects.- Resonant Ponderomotive Effects.- Intense Laser–Atom Interaction.- Relativistic Laser–Plasma Interaction.    

O autorze

Introduction and handbook to high- power laser-matter interaction, laser generated plasma, nonlinear waves, particle acceleration, nonlinear optics, nonlinear dynamics, radiation transport. The book provides a systematic review of the major results and developments of the past 25 years.

Blurb

This book intended as a guide for scientists and students who have just discovered the field as a new and attractive area of research, and for scientists who have worked in another field and want to join now the subject of laser plasmas. In the first chapter the plasma dynamics is described phenomenologically by a two fluid model and similarity relations from dimensional analysis. Chapter 2 is devoted to plasma optics and collisional absorption in the dielectric and ballistic model. Linear resonance absorption at the plasma frequency and its mild nonlinearities as well as the self-quenching of high amplitude electron plasma waves by wave breaking are discussed in Chapter 3. With increasing laser intensity the plasma dynamics is dominated by radiation pressure, at resonance producing all kinds of parametric instabilities and out of resonance leading to density steps, self-focusing and filamentation, described in Chapters 4 and 5. A self-contained treatment of field ionization of atoms and related phenomena are found in Chapter 6. The extension of laser interaction to the relativistic electron acceleration as well as the physics of collisionless absorption are the subject of Chapter 7. Throughout the book the main emphasis is on the various basic phenomena and on their underlying physics.