Heredity and Environment in 300 Adoptive Families: The Texas Adoption Project

ISBN-13: 9780202363455 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 220 str.

Joseph Horn; John Loehlin

Opis

This book presents the results of a thirty-five-year research project involving 300 families, each of whom adopted at least one child at birth from a Texas home for unwed mothers during the period of 1962-1970. The book weaves together information about the birth parents of the adopted children; information about the adoptive parents; and information about the children in these families.Children adopted at birth have two sets of parents. Birth parents provide their adopted-away child with a genetic endowment, but do not participate in shaping the child's environment. Adoptive parents do not contribute genetically, but are otherwise in charge of directing the child's development. If adopted children grow up to resemble birth parents they have never seen, the clear inference is that hereditary factors have had an influence. Environmental factors are implicated whenever children resemble their adoptive parents, but not the birth parents. The Texas Adoption Project was designed to investigate the impact of genetic and environmental factors.This unique and innovative longitudinal study is written for specialists and the educated public. An introductory guide is provided for the non-specialist reader explaining the form and statistical content of the tables. Additional technical material for specialists is contained in appendices. This important contribution to the literature on adoption will also be of interest to those interested in the relative weight of genetics and environment in human development.

Spis treści

Preface
1. A Brief History and Overview of the Project
1. Why Carry Out (or Read about) an Adoption Study?
2. Previous Adoption Studies
3. The Texas Adoption Project—Beginnings
4. Some Characteristics of the Sample
5. Studies in the Texas Adoption Project—Chronological Sequence
6. Summary and Look Ahead
2. Intellectual Abilities in the Texas Adoption Project
1. About the Presentation of Results in this Book
2. Intelligence and Intelligence Tests
3. Evidence about Heredity and Environment from Comparisons of Means
4. Evidence about Heredity and Environment from Family Correlations
5. More Specialized Aspects of Intelligence
3. Personality in the Texas Adoption Project
1. Personality Measures Used in the TAP
2. The Rating Composites
3. The Cattell Scales
4. The CPI and the TTS in the Separate Mail Study
5. The MMPI
6. Personality Change
4. Achievement, Adjustment, Outcomes
1. Academic Achievement
2. Psychopathology and Problem Behavior
3. Occupation
4. Personal Relationships
5. Maturity and Happiness
6. Factors Related to Outcomes
5. Summary and Conclusions
1. The Story so Far
2. What We Learned in the TAP
3. Four Families
4. Some Limitations of Adoption Studies
5. Some Implications of the Texas Adoption Project
6. Final Comments
Appendices
A. Initial Letter to Families
B. Rating Scales
C. IQ Test Details
D. Details on Self-Ratings
E. Modeling of Selection
Glossary
References
Index

O autorze

Joseph Horn