1. Functional Neuroanatomy of the Basolateral Amygdala: Neurons, Neurotransmitters, and Circuits 2. The Medial Amygdala: Structure and Function 3. Amygdala Neuron Subtypes Based on Genetics, Physiology and Anatomy 4. Amygdala physiology in pain 5. Neural Plasticity of the Amygdala 6. Plasticity of amygdala neurons underlying fear learning and extinction 7. Neuropeptide Y and Amygdala Circuitry: Modulation of Stress Behaviors 8. The Amygdalar Opioid System 9. Noradrenergic Regulation of the Basolateral Amygdala 10. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) in Stress, Pain, and Learning 11. Protect and Harm - Effects of Stress on the Amygdala 12. Sex Differences in Amygdala Structure and Function: From Rodents to Humans