Preface ixAcknowledgments xiiList of Contributors xiiiIn Memoriam xiv1 Introduction to E³ Models and Techniques in Aerospace Systems 1Ira Kohlberg1.1 Introduction and Topics of Interest 11.2 Autonomous Systems 81.3 Coupled Air and Space Survivable Systems 301.4 EMC Considerations of Chaos 411.5 EMC Effects on and Technology for Aerospace Systems 52References 732 Deterministic and Statistical EMC Models for Field-to-Wire Coupling and Crosstalk in Wire Harness 79Sergio Pignari2.1 Introduction 792.2 DeterministicModeling 792.3 StatisticalModeling 99References 1153 HEMP Protection and Verification 121William D. Prather3.1 Introduction 1213.2 High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse 1223.3 HEMP Coupling to Aircraft 1293.4 Shielding and Shielding Topology 1333.5 EM Protection Technology 1353.6 System-Level Specifications and Measurements 1373.7 Hardening Component Specifications and Measurements 1693.8 Hardness Maintenance/Hardness Surveillance 1803.9 Conclusion 182References 1834 HIRF and Lightning Effects and Testing 187Martin Gabrisak4.1 Introduction 1874.2 Coupling Analysis 1904.3 HIRF Electromagnetic Environment and Its Effects 2494.4 Electromagnetic Effects of Lightning 2804.5 Precipitation Static (P-Static) 3214.6 Lightning Effects and Protection in Aerospace 330References 3405 Techniques to Design Robust Lightning Protection Circuits for Avionics Equipment 347Dr. ClayMcCreary5.1 Introduction 3475.2 Clean Sheet Design 3475.3 Evaluating and Hardening Existing Protection 3685.4 Design Examples 3725.5 Conclusion 378References 3786 Pyrotechnic Systems in Aerospace Applications 381Karen Burnham6.1 Introduction 3816.2 Component-Level Concerns 3836.3 Vehicle-Level Concerns 3906.4 Conclusion 404References 4047 Assembly-Level EMC Testing of Space Components/Subsystems 407Leslie R.Warboys7.1 Preliminary Steps 4077.2 Basic Testing Concepts 4087.3 Commonly Performed Tests 4097.4 Test Plan 4107.5 Testing Sequence 414References 4448 System-Level Testing of Spacecraft 445JohannesWolf8.1 Classification of System-Level Testing 4458.2 System-Level Requirements Definition 4528.3 Test Execution at the System Level 461References 4799 Subsystem EMC for Aircraft 483Paul Kay9.1 Introduction: The Aim of Subsystem-Level Testing 4839.2 Motivations for Testing: Safety of Flight and Success of Mission 4869.3 Emissions Tests 4929.4 Immunity Tests 5119.5 Test Plans for Avionics Subsystems 524Further Reading 53510 EMI Effects in Flight Control Systems and Their Mitigations 537IrfanMajid10.1 Introduction 53810.2 Nature of EMI Experienced by Aerospace Vehicles 54010.3 Reported Catastrophic EMI Occurrences in FCS 54510.4 Anatomy of FBWFCS 54810.5 Flight Management System 55410.6 EMC Test Standards 55610.7 EMC Test Methodologies of FCS 56610.8 How EMI Couples to FCS 58010.9 Modeling and Simulation 58610.10 FCS of UAVs 59010.11 Some Special Considerations for EMI Mitigation 593References 59811 EMC Considerations for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles 603Paul Kay11.1 Introduction 60311.2 Small UAVs 60511.3 Payloads 61011.4 Small UAV Navigation and Control Systems 61611.5 Electromagnetic Environment for Small UAVs 61712 DC Magnetic Cleanliness Description for Spaceflight Programs 621Pablo S. Narvaez12.1 Magnetic Cleanliness Introduction 62112.2 Magnetic Cleanliness and Control Philosophy 62212.3 Magnetics Cleanliness Program Description 62312.4 Early Magnetic Cleanliness Involvement 62612.5 Design Requirements and Practices 62912.6 Magnetic Assessment and Control 63212.7 Magnetic Control Design Practices 63912.8 Test FacilitiesMeasurement and Methods 65312.9 Analytical Determination of Magnetic Fields 67113 Spacecraft Charging 673Robert C. Scully13.1 Introduction 67313.2 Historical Background 67613.3 General Description of the Near-Earth Electromagnetic Environment 67713.4 Introduction to Spacecraft Charging 68913.5 Types of Spacecraft Charging 69513.6 Potential Damage 69713.7 Ways and Means of Protection/Mitigation 69913.8 Concluding Material 701References 701Bibliography 70314 Analysis and Simulations of Space Radiation-Induced Single-Event Effects and Transients 705Reinaldo J. Perez14.1 Introduction 70514.2 The Space Radiation Environment 70614.3 Single-Event Effects 70614.4 Single-Event Transient 70814.5 Generation and Modeling a SET 71014.6 Use of Upset Rates for Analyzing Vulnerabilities of Designs to SEE 71314.7 Circuit Modeling of SETs 71614.8 SETs in Digital Devices 71814.9 SET-Induced Clock Jitter and False Clock Pulse 72214.10 Designing Digital Circuits for SET Survivability 72314.11 Crosstalk Noise from SET Events and Delay Effects 72614.12 SET in Voltage Regulators 72914.13 SET Propagation through Multiple Circuits 73114.14 SET Hardening of Interconnects 73314.15 Modeling Subsystem- and System-Level Effects from SET 73314.16 Analyses and Protection for SET for Electronic Devices 73714.17 SEE Testing of Spacecraft Hardware Electronics 74114.18 Conclusions 743References 744Index 749
REINALDO J. PEREZ, PHD, MBA is a hardware and software engineer with 30 years of industrial experience in electronic engineering design and development, reliability engineering, electromagnetic compatibility, software engineering, and applied research. He has participated in the reliable design, development, manufacture and tests of avionics hardware for many aerospace applications at the board, assembly, subsystems, and system levels. He has been involved in IEEE for many years and has occupied many managerial and technical positions in IEEE. He has published extensively in peer reviewed journals and conferences in the fields of electrical, software, and aerospace engineering. He has taught as an adjunct several engineering disciplines at engineering colleges.