HIV and AIDS in Africa: Beyond Epidemiology

ISBN-13: 9780631223573 / Angielski / Miękka / 2003 / 416 str.

Susan Craddock; Jayati Ghosh; Joseph R. Oppong

Opis

HIV and AIDS in Africa: Beyond Epidemiology is a collection that seeks to further our understanding of AIDS by shifting the predominant understandings generated by biomedical and epidemiological research.

• Brings together international contributors---including often overlooked African scholars and activists---from across the social sciences to examine HIV and AIDS from angles previously unexplored.
  
• By presenting on-the-ground evidence and ethnographic cases, emphasizes that HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa is a complex and regionally specific phenomenon rooted in local economies, deepening poverty, migration, gender, war, global economies, and cultural politics.
  
• Recognizes that AIDS in Africa cannot be stemmed until social, gender, and economic inequities are addressed in meaningful ways.

Recenzje

"This groundbreaking volume draws on a broad array of methodologies and disciplines to bring into relief the social and economic forces that have made AIDS the leading infectious cause of young adult death globally. Rejecting fashionable explanations of AIDS in Africa, this book reveals such explanations to be rooted in racism, victim–blaming, disciplinary blindness, and shoddy research.

Meticulously documented, HIV and AIDS in Africa is a treasure trove of information just what many policymakers, epidemiologists, and clinicians need to hear, whether we want to or not. But the book deserves a far wider audience. For any interventions that fail to address the broader issues of African social and economic life, as one of this fine volume s contributors predicts, are bound to fail." Paul Farmer, Harvard Medical School

"This is a thoroughly excellent book, as good as any on offer on the current HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa, and a lot better than most ... This is a book that needs to be read by all those involved in development planning in Africa – and elsewhere – in NGOs as in governments, in the field as well as in the ′corridors of power′." International Development Planning Review

The new book by Ezekiel Kalipeni et al. is a landmark among all existing literature addressing the epidemic in Africa. The volume holds near 25 in–depth chapters providing brilliant analysis of the epidemic. Markku Löytönen, University of Helsinki

"The book is able to cover a vast array of topics that have been previously neglected in academic discourse ... the editors have successfully demonstrated thta HIV/AIDS must be approached in a multidisciplinary fashion in order to understand and eventually stem the spread of this epidemic ... what is refreshing in regard to this work is that the editors have taken an academic and personal approach in their attempts to grasp the influence of this epidemic ... this book can be called both humanistic and sincere." Cambridge University Press

"This book is essential reading, as it tackles the critical arguments...it represents a call to all researchers working with HIV/AIDS to take account...first book that tackles the misperceptions...the collection represents a major contribution."
Sahara Journal

Spis treści

About the Authors.

Acknowledgements.

Introduction: Beyond Epidemiology: Locating AIDS In Africa. (Susan Craddock).

Part I: History.

Section Introduction. Susan Craddock.

1. AIDS, History & Struggles Over Meaning. (Brooke Grundfest).

2. Politics, Culture And Medicine: An Unholy Trinity? Historical Continuities And Rupture In The HIV/AIDS Story In Malawi. (John Lloyd Lwanda).

Part II: AIDS In Africa: Regional Perspectives.

Section Introduction. Susan Craddock.

3. Perceptions And Misperceptions Of AIDS In Africa. (Joseph R. Oppong And Ezekiel Kalipeni).

4. Mapping The AIDS Pandemic In Eastern And Southern Africa. A Critical Overview. (Ezekiel Kalipeni, Susan Craddock, And Jayati Ghosh).

5. HIV/AIDS In West Africa: The Case Of Senegal, Ghana And Nigeria. (Joseph R. Oppong And Samuel Agyei–Mensah).

Part III: Beyond Epidemiology: Understanding The Issues In Social Terms.

Section Introduction. (Susan Craddock).

A. Gendered Vulnerabilities.

6. Condoms, Consent And Cultural Entrapments : A Further Look At Gendered & Occupational Factors Pertinent To The Transmission Of HIV In Africa. (Anne V. Akeroyd).

7. Strategies For Prevention Of Sexual Transmission Of HIV/AIDS Among Adolescents: The Case Of High School Students In Kenya. (Njeri Mbugua).

8. AIDS In Africa: Structure, Agency & Risk. (Brooke Grundfest).

B. Sexualities.

9. Culture, Sexuality, And Women′s Agency In The Prevention Of HIV/AIDS In Southern Africa American Journal Of Public Health. (Ida Susser And Zena).

10. Migrancy, Masculine Identities And AIDS: The Psychosocial Context Of HIV Transmission On The South African Gold Mines. (Catherine Campbell).

11. The Invisible Presence Of Homosexuality: Implications For HIV/AIDS And Rights In Southern Africa. (Oliver Phillips).

C. Poverty, Migration, War.

12. Urbanization, Poverty, And Sex: Roots Of Risky Behaviors In Slum Settlements In Nairobi, Kenya. (Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu, Alex Chika and F. Nii–Amoo).

13. Mobile Populations And HIV/AIDS In East Africa. (Maryinez Lyons).

14. Understanding The African HIV Pandemic: An Appraisal Of The Contexts And Lay Explanation Of The HIV/AIDS Pandemic With Examples From Tanzania And Kenya. (Gabriel Rugalema).

15. Socioeconomic Obstacles To HIV Prevention And Treatment In Developing Countries: The Roles Of The International Monetary Fund And The World Bank. (Peter Lurie, Percy C. Hintzen, And Robert A. Lowe).

Part IV: Research Methods, Agendas, And Ethics.

Section Introduction. (Susan Craddock).

16. Participatory Diagramming And The Ethical & Practical Challenges Of Helping Africans Themselves To Map The Issues Around HIV. (Mike Kesby).

17. Community–Based Research On AIDS In The Context Of Global Inequalities Making A Virtue Of Necessity? (Carolyn Baylies).

18. AIDS And Ethics: Clinical Trials, Pharmaceuticals, And Global Scientific Practice. (Susan Craddock).

Part V: Understanding The Repercussions / Impacts.

Section Introduction. (Susan Craddock).

19. Excerpt From We Miss You All. (Noerine Kaleeba).

20. Understanding AIDS In Public Lives. (David Eaton).

21. Economic Growth In Sub Saharan Africa: The Potential Impact Of HIV/AIDS. (Lynn R. Brown).

22. Rising Tide Of AIDS Orphans In Southern Africa. (Jayati Ghosh And Ezekiel Kalipeni).

23. A Mother To Her Brothers: A Child–Headed Household s Story, Johannesburg, South Africa. (Emma Guest).

Concluding Remarks: Beyond Epidemiology. (Joseph R. Oppong And Jayati Ghosh).

Bibliography.

Index.

O autorze

Ezekiel Kalipeni is Associate Professor of Geography and African Studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.

Susan Craddock is Associate Professor in the Women s Studies Department and in the Institute for Global Studies at the University of Minnesota.

Joseph R. Oppong is Associate Professor of Geography at the University of Northern Texas.

Jayati Ghosh is Associate Professor of International Business and Interdisciplinary Studies at the Dominican University of California.

Blurb

AIDS is devastating many areas of sub–Saharan Africa. Over twelve million people in the region have died of AIDS in the past decade. Over 29.4 million people in the region are infected with HIV. Of the eleven people who contract HIV each minute in the world, ten live in sub–Saharan Africa. With no known cure and no vaccine as yet available, an estimated 60% of Africans under the age of eighteen today will be dead of AIDS before they reach 45 years of age. Most prevention programs have largely failed because the research behind them has focused primarily on risk groups, behavioral change models, and flawed understandings of cultural practices. HIV and AIDS in Africa: Beyond Epidemiology seeks to shift the predominant understandings generated by biomedical and epidemiological research, recognizing that HIV transmission in sub–Saharan Africa is a complex and regionally–specific phenomenon rooted in local economies, deepening poverty, migration, gender, war, global economies, and cultural politics. International contributors from across the social sciences further our understanding of AIDS by looking at the epidemic from angles often inadequately explored. Ultimately, the underlying message of every contributor to this book is that AIDS is not going to diminish in Africa until social, gender, and economic inequities are addressed in meaningful ways.