Introduction; 1. An 'experimental establishment': the re-raising of the Pacific Islands Regiment, 1951–1957; 2. A 'fools paradise': the disturbances, 1957–1961; 3. 'Real duty': confrontation and the creation of PNG Command, 1962–1966; 4. From 'native' to national: Papua New Guinean soldiers, 1960–1975; 5. 'A new task': laying the foundations of a national army, 1966–1970; 6. The 'Black Handers': Australian soldiers and their families in PNG; 7. 'A different world': the rush to independence, 1970–1975.