Growth in Open Economies

ISBN-13: 9783540056713 / Angielski / Miękka / 1971 / 130 str.

J. a. Hanson

Opis

The years following World War II have witnessed an increasing interest in the effects of growth on trade, the patterns of international specialization, and the terms of trade. On the one hand, some English economists have maintained the Ricardian tradition of diminishing returns, rising food prices and, therefore, declining British terms of trade, while, on the other hand Prebisch, Singer, and other critics have attempted to document and explain a long-run decline in the terms of trade of the underdeveloped countries. Finally, in a reaction to this concentration on a single factor as the determinant of international price movements, a group of economists, began a systematic investigation of the role of growth in trade and the terms of trade using neoclassical assumption. This study, particularly in its assumptions regarding demand, falls into the tradition of the last group. However, it extends the tradition by treating growth as a continuous process, dependent on saving out of produced income and the growth rate of population in two trading economies. Therefore, in addition to answering the comparative statics questions regarding the trends in the terms of trade, it develops the conditions which guarantee that the two economies will approach a state of unique long-run balanced growth, in which all per capita variables, as well as the terms of trade, stabilize. Moreover, these methods permit some discussion of changes in the patterns of specializatio

Spis treści

One—Introduction.- 1. Classicists and Critics.- 2. Neoclassical Trade Models.- 3. Recent Work on Economic Growth.- Two—The Single Country Model.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Neoclassical Production.- 3. Demand.- 4. Short-Run Equilibrium.- 5. Long-Run Equilibrium.- 6. Comparative Dynamics in the Closed Model.- Three—A Model of the Terms of Trade and Economic Growth.- 1. A Model of Trading Economies.- 2. The Reciprocal Demand Function and Short-Run Equilibrium in an Open Economy.- 3. Comparative Statics Analysis.- 4. Patterns of Incomplete Specialization and Capital Accumulation.- 5. Complete Specialization.- 6. Long-Run Dynamic Problems.- 7. A Model of the Terms of Trade Assuming Agriculture is More Capital-intensive than Manufactures.- 8. The Case of Factor Intensity Reversal.- Four—The Small Country in a Large World.- 1. A Small Country Trading at World Prices.- 2. Countries with Different Natural Rates of Growth.- Five—Summary and Conclusions.- 1. A Summary of the Closed Model.- 2. A Summary of the Open Model.