Gravity Inversion and Integration: Theory and Applications in Geodesy and Geophysics

ISBN-13: 9783319843698 / Angielski / Miękka / 2018 / 383 str.

Lars E. Sjöberg; Mohammad Bagherbandi

Opis

This book contains theory and applications of gravity both for physical geodesy and geophysics. It identifies classical and modern topics for studying the Earth. Worked-out examples illustrate basic but important concepts of the Earth's gravity field. In addition, coverage details the Geodetic Reference System 1980, a versatile tool in most applications of gravity data. The authors first introduce the necessary mathematics. They then review classic physical geodesy, including its integral formulas, height systems and their determinations. The next chapter presents modern physical geodesy starting with the original concepts of M.S. Molodensky. A major part of this chapter is a variety of modifying Stokes' formula for geoid computation by combining terrestrial gravity data and an Earth Gravitational Model. Coverage continues with a discussion that compares today's methods for modifying Stokes' formulas for geoid and quasigeoid determination, a description of several modern tools in physical geodesy, and a review of methods for gravity inversion as well as analyses for temporal changes of the gravity field. This book aims to broaden the view of scientists and students in geodesy and geophysics. With a focus on theory, it provides basic and some in-depth knowledge about the field from a geodesist's perspective.

Spis treści

Preface

1 Introduction

1.1 Contents of the book

1.2 The subject field

1.3 The development of the subject field before the last millennium shift

1.4 Recent developments in gravimetric theory and data

1.5 Reference system, reference frame and datum

2. Basic mathematics

2.1. Least squares adjustment theory

2.2. Least Squares collocation

2.3. Coordinate systems

2.4. Legendre’s polynomials

2.5. Spherical harmonics

2.6. Ellipsoidal harmonics

2.7. Fundamentals of potential theory

2.8. Regularization

Appendix 2.1. Answers to excercises in Chapter 2

3. Classical physical geodesy

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Basic concepts in physical geodesy

3.3. Integral formulas in physical geodesy

3.4. Practical considerations (DITE, DWC, SITE, PITE)3.5. Height systems

Appendix 3.1. Closed form kernels

Appendix 3.2. Solutions to exercises

4. Modern physical geodesy

4.1. Introduction

4.2. The quasigeoid, surface gravity anomaly and disturbance

4.3. Geoid determination by spherical harmonics

4.4. The modified Stokes formula

4.5. Summary of modified Stokes’ formula techniques

4.6. The modified Hotine formula

5. Corrections in geoid determination

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Topographic corrections

5.3. The downward continuation correction

5.4. Atmospheric corrections

5.5. Ellipsoidal corrections

5.6. Corrections in quasigeoid determination

6. Applications and comparisons of LSMSA and RCR

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Geoid determination

6.3. Quasigeoid determination

6.4. A theoretical comparison of the RCR and LSMSA methods

6.5. Practical experiences of LSMSA

6.6. Case studies

6.7. Concluding remarks

References

7. Further tools in physical geodesy

7.1. Quasigeoid determination

7.2. Comparison of geoid and quasigeoid models

7.3. Combinations of gravimetric and geometric geoid solutions

7.4. The determination of W0

7.5. Spectral smoothing and combination

7.6. Applications of atomic clocks in physical geodesy

Appendix

8. Gravity inversion

8.1. Introduction

8.2. Basic formulas in inversion of satellite gravity field models

8.3. Bouguer, no-topography and isostatic gravity anomalies and disturbances

8.4. Isostasy

8.5. Moho determination by Vening Meinesz-Moritz theory

8.6. Tectonic stress in the mantle

8.7. Temporal changes of the gravity field

8.8. Viscosity in the mantle

9. Concluding remarks and outlook

Index

O autorze

Lars E. Sjöberg has been a professor of Geodesy at Sweden’s Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) for 30 years and has been the chair of 4 IAG Special Study Groups on gravity and geodynamics. He has been the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Geodetic Science since it was founded in 2011. He developed the unique KTH method with additive corrections using least squares by spectral weighting of observables, as well as a method for estimating Moho depth and density contrast from gravity. He leads several international geoid schools on the KTH method, and has published more than 330 articles, mostly in peer-reviewed journals.

 

Mohammad Bagherbandi is senior researcher at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) and a Professor at the University of Gävle, Sweden. His professional interests include Physical Geodesy, Geodynamics and Satellite Gravimetry. He received his Ph.D. in Geodesy from the KTH in 2011, and became an instructor at the Institute in 2013. His background is in Land Surveying Engineering, and he completed a Master of Science in Geodesy in Iran. He is currently pursuing multidisciplinary research combining directions such as Geophysics, Geodesy and Land Surveying (applied geodesy). His main research interest is in developing and interconnecting Geodesy and Geophysics.