Gold Metallogeny: In the Sino-Korean Platform

ISBN-13: 9783642773525 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 202 str.

Robert B. Trumbull; Giulio Morteani; Zhiliang Li

Opis

Documenting a joint Chinese-European study of mesothermal lode gold deposits from early Precambrian rocks of E. Hebei Province (NE China), introductory chapters on gold deposits, and the basement geology of the Sino-Korean Platform are followed by detailed descriptions of the individual gold desposits. These include descriptions of the lithology and structure of the host rocks, ore geochemistry and petrography, and wall-rock alteration. Radiometric ages, fluid inclusion data, and C-O-H-S-Pb isotopic compositions of ore and gangue minerals constrain the timing, physical conditions and the possible origin of mineralization. An important conclusion is that, in contrast to the Archean greenstone-hosted gold desposits in Canada, Australia and Africa, the Chinese examples occur in high-grade polymetamorphic rocks, and the main impetus for mineralization was tectonism and granitic magmatism of the late Mesozoic Yanshanian orogeny. This book will be of considerable value as a source of specific information and extensive references about gold deposits and Archean geology in NE China, and should be equally interesting to geologists working on Archean gold geology and those concerned with Mesozoic Circum-Pacific metallogeny.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Regional Tectonic Division of China.- 1.2 The Gold Provinces of Northeastern China.- 1.3 Gold in Eastern Hebei Province.- 2 Geologic Framework of the Sino-Korean Platform.- 2.1 Major Orogenic Events.- 2.1.1 Archean: Qianxi Orogeny.- 2.1.2 Early to Middle Proterozoic: Fuping and Wutai Orogenies.- 2.1.3 Middle to Late Proterozoic: Zhongtiao and Yangtze Orogenies.- 2.1.4 Paleozoic: Caledonian and Variscan Orogenies.- 2.1.5 Mesozoic: Indosinian and Yanshanian Orogenies.- 2.1.6 Cenozoic: Pacific Margin and the Himalayan Orogeny.- 2.2 The Precambrian Basement.- 2.2.1 Archean Rocks.- 2.2.2 Proterozoic Rocks.- 2.3 Structural Geology.- 2.3.1 Precambrian Structures.- 2.3.2 Regional Faults and Lineaments.- 2.3.3 Structural Features of the Major Fault Zones.- 2.4 Yanshanian Granites.- 2.4.1 Regional Characteristics and Plate Tectonic Setting.- 2.4.2 Yanshanian Magmatism in Eastern China.- 2.4.3 Yanshanian Granites in Eastern Hebei Province.- 3 Description of Selected Gold Deposits.- 3.1 Niuxinshan District.- 3.1.1 Host Rock Lithologies.- 3.1.2 Host Rock Structures.- 3.1.3 Gold Mineralization.- 3.1.4 Wall Rock Alteration.- 3.1.5 Age of Mineralization.- 3.1.6 Fluid Inclusions.- 3.1.7 Stable Isotopic Data.- 3.2 Sanjia District.- 3.2.1 Host Rock Lithology.- 3.2.2 Host Rock Structures.- 3.2.3 Gold Mineralization.- 3.2.4 Wall Rock Alteration.- 3.2.5 Age of Mineralization.- 3.2.6 Fluid Inclusions.- 3.2.7 Stable Isotopic Data.- 3.3 Yuerya District.- 3.3.1 Host Rock Lithology.- 3.3.2 Host Rock Structures.- 3.3.3 Gold Mineralization.- 3.3.4 Wall Rock Alteration.- 3.3.5 Age of Mineralization.- 3.3.6 Fluid Inclusions.- 3.4 Jinchangyu District.- 3.4.1 Host Rock Lithology.- 3.4.2 Host Rock Structures.- 3.4.3 Gold Mineralization.- 3.4.4 Wall Rock Alteration.- 3.4.5 Age of Mineralization.- 3.4.6 Fluid Inclusions.- 3.5 Banbishan District.- 3.5.1 Host Rock Lithology.- 3.5.2 Host Rock Structures.- 3.5.3 Gold Mineralization.- 3.5.4 Wall Rock Alteration.- 3.5.5 Age of Mineralization.- 4 Aspects of Metallogenesis.- 4.1 The Age of Mineralization.- 4.1.1 Field Relations.- 4.1.2 Isotopic Age Dates.- 4.2 The Source of Gold.- 4.2.1 Gold in the Qianxi Group: The “Source Bed” Concept.- 4.2.2 Gold in Yanshanian Granites.- 4.2.3 Isotopic Contraints.- 4.2.4 The Mantle Connection.- 4.2.5 Conclusions.- 4.3 The Role of Iron-Rich Host Rocks.- 4.3.1 Banded Iron Formations in Northeastern China.- 4.3.2 Petrography and Composition of Magnetite Quartzites.- 4.3.3 Sulfidization and Gold Mineralization.- 4.3.4 Conclusions.- 4.4 The Role of Yanshanian Granites.- 4.4.1 Granite Compositions.- 4.4.2 Heat Production.- 4.4.3 Conclusions.- 4.5 Structural Controls.- 4.5.1 Regional Structures.- 4.5.2 Local Structures.- 4.5.3 Regional Tectonic Interpretation.- 4.6 Fluid Composition and P-T Conditions of Mineralization.- 4.6.1 Evidence from Fluid Inclusions.- 4.6.2 Stable Isotopic Data.- 4.6.3 Gold Transport and Precipitation.- 5 Towards a Metallogenetic Model.- 5.1 Previous Models.- 5.2 The Preferred Model for Eastern Hebei Province.- 5.3 Open Questions.- 6 Comparison with Other Archean-Hosted Gold Provinces.- Appendix 1.- Appendix 2.- References.

O autorze

Geology and Tectonics through Earth's history and selected gold deposits of Hebei Province, NE china, are briefly described in this monograph. Additionally, instructive maps, diagrams and photographs as well as aspects of metallogenesis and a proposed metallogenetic model make it valuable for scientists and practitioners working in the field of geology of Precambrian rocks associated with gold deposits.