Global Health Collaboration: Challenges and Lessons

ISBN-13: 9783319776842 / Angielski / Miękka / 2018 / 107 str.

Margaret S. Winchester; Caprice A. Knapp; Rhonda Belue

Spis treści

INTRODUCTION

1. Introduction

Authors: Rhonda BeLue, Margaret Winchester, Caprice Knapp

Building capacity in terms of well-equipped local researchers and service providers is a key to bridging the inequity in global health. Launched by Penn State University in 2014, the Pan Institution Network for Global Health responds to this need by bridging researchers at universities across the globe. In this chapter the Editors outline their framework for international and interdisciplinary collaboration, as well the rationale for their research areas, including a review of these two themes. The Network has established two central thematic priorities: (1) urbanization and health; and, (2) the intersection of infectious diseases and NCDs. Addressing these two priorities demands an interdisciplinary and multi-institutional model to stimulate innovation and synergy that will influence the overall framing of research questions as

well as the integration and coordination of research.

EDUCATION AND COLLABORATION 

2. Addressing global health education needs of students from across the globe

Authors: Anita Kar, Dana Naughton, Aarti Nagarkar, Kristin Sznajder

Global health competencies as defined by the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (ASPPH) offer a good framework to build courses and programs in global health. Such global health programs have provided opportunities for students to obtain a greater understanding of health issues confronting the developing world. There are few discussions on the relevance of available global health competencies for students from developing countries. The Pan Institution Network for Global Health (PINGH) is a growing global health resource that is forging linkages across universities around the globe to address key issues in global health, trends, and education

. Drawing from PINGH members' experiences, this chapter presents three academic initiatives aimed to address the global health education needs of students in developed and developing nations, including the Global Health Exchange Partnership, an undergraduate global health minor, and a mixed online and in-person international health course. 

3. Connecting Problems, Connecting Scholars: Creating a Sustainable Interdisciplinary Discourse Around Migration, Urbanization, and Health

Authors: Jo Vearey, Jo Hunter-Adams, Tolu Oni, Henrietta Nyamnjoh, Tackson Makandwa, Stephen A. Matthews

This essay describes the authors' experiences in connecting a group of emerging South African scholars around the inherently interdisciplinary subject of migration, urbanization, and health. South Africa is witnessing multiple simultaneous and interconnected transitions (health, demographics, social, economic, and politi

cal). Defining, measuring, and better understanding the dynamics and complexities of these transitions is a fundamental step in the professionalizing of next-generation scholars. The authors frame the chapter in terms of areas of priority research, and strategies for promoting mutual engagement over migrant health research. Driven by substantive questions derived from studies of the lived experiences of urban migrants in South Africa, specifically the intertwining of migration trajectories and health histories, a central goal of our collaborative endeavor was to connect the dots (i.e., key concepts, data, measures, and methods) to identify common themes and research priorities that will facilitate the participation of next-generation scholars in developing innovative and new research agendas. 

4. Secret History: Transcultural adaptation of a training intervention promoting empathic engagement and self-case for obstetric staff

Authors: Eva Hanselmann, Michael Wirsching, Caprice Knapp, Simone Honikman

In March 2016 the adaptation of the "Secret History" training method started as a pilot project to transfer the empathic obstetric worker training method successfully from its origin in South Africa, to Freiburg, Germany. It is an uncommon example of a transfer of a locally-developed method from the Global South to the Global North. Regardless of the direction of transfer, the challenges of cultural adaptation remain. Consequently, this chapter focuses on methods of adaptation in order to inform other researchers considering international transfer of interventions. The authors provide a brief explanation of the origins and original method of the training, give an overview of existing approaches for cultural adaptation of interventions, describe the stages involved in developing the specific cultural adaptation of "Secret History," and summarize the results of the adaptation process with a view to

local acceptability of the method.

RESEARCH LESSONS

5. Provider workload and multiple morbidities in the Caribbean and South Africa

both="" settings,="" it="" is="" not="" uncommon="" find="" patients="" having="" this="" double="" disease.="" additionally="" patient="" resiliency="" exacerbated="" by="" multiplication="" demands="" made="" interactions="" from="" treatment="" modalities="" service="" providers.="" cumulative="" complexity="" model="" (ccm)="" posits="" that="" as="" resulting="" increase,="" capacity="" respond="" diminishes.="" middle-="" dedicated="" system="" care="" for="" people="" living="" aids="" was="" developed="" parallel="" existing="" systems="" cncds,="" which="" has="" been="" successful="" increasi

ng="" advocacy,="" political="" will,="" healthcare="" worker="" empowerment.="" authors="" explore="" application="" across="" along="" other="" solutions.

6. Project Redemption: Conducting Research with Informal Workers in NYC, USA and Pune, India

Authors: Mallika Bose, Shruti Tambe, Caprice Knapp, Margaret Winchester

Informal workers are a challenging group to work with, due to geographically dispersed locations, undocumented migrants, and other forms of vulnerability. In this paper, the authors discuss the process through which they gained entry to work with informal workers in Pune, India and New York City, USA. In the US, they work with "canners," a population that collects recyclables and deposits them at a redemption center to collect cash refunds. Partnering with a nonprofit organization solves issues of group organization, but difficulties remain in building relationships with individuals. The authors use a combin

ation of in-person meetings, an iterative and collaborative research design, and incentives to lay the groundwork for multi-method research with this group. In Pune, India, the authors have relied on long-term partnerships and institutional support to work with "wastepickers." This predominantly-female group has organized to leverage collective bargaining rights, but are still vulnerable and require ongoing interaction to sustain trust. 

7. Applying a framework for urbanization to maternal and child health

Authors: Caprice Knapp, Ursula Wittwer-Backofen 

Mother and child health is one of the areas where the impacts of urbanization on health are just beginning to be explored. Urban health conceptual frameworks exist to guide researchers in this endeavor. In a collaborative project, researchers set out to determine how easy it was to find, access, and utilize data in an urban he

alth framework on mother and child health in South Africa. This exercise was motivated by the idea that as governments, non-governmental agencies, and other entities face urbanization and its impacts, it is unclear how much rigorous research can help in decision-making. The authors sought to determine if the data that exists, collected for other purposes, could be used to do so. If not, what crucial parameters were missing, and if so, what could the data report on? Results from the study can be used to guide future data collection, utilization of existing data, and identify gaps in urban health research.

CONCLUSION

8. Long-term prospects and global health collaboration

Rhonda BeLue, Margaret Winchester, Caprice Knapp 

In light of the successful projects of the PINGH network and the challenges in building sustainable collaboration, the Editors review progress

to date and situate their Network within broader global health priorities and trends. 

O autorze

​

Margaret Winchester, PhD, is an assistant research professor in the Department of Health Policy and Administration and the coordinator of the Pan Institution Network for Global Health at The Pennsylvania State University in University Park, PA, USA. She is a medical anthropologist, and her work focuses on HIV, healthcare access, and vulnerable populations, both in the US and globally.

Caprice Knapp, PhD, is a health economist who is passionate about improving the health of America's children. She is research associate professor in the Department of Health Policy and Administration at The Pennsylvania State University in State College, PA, USA. Dr. Knapp has worked in government, policy, and academic arenas. She has more than a decade of experience in researching the health outcomes of children with special healthcare needs and life-limiting illnesses both in the US and globally.

Rhonda BeLue, PhD, is professor in the College of Public Health and Social Justice and chair of the Department of Health Management and Policy at Saint Louis University in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA, and director of the Pan-University Network for Global Health. She was associate professor with tenure in the Department of Health Policy and Administration & Demography, and associate professor of Public Health Sciences at The Pennsylvania State University in University Park, PA, USA. Dr. BeLue is a health services researcher who studies access to care and chronic disease management in vulnerable populations in the global South and the USA. 

Blurb

This stimulating open access volume details the innovative work of the Pan Institution Network for Global Health in creating collaborative research-based answers to large-scale health issues. Equitable partnerships among member universities representing North America, Africa, Asia, and Europe reverse standard cross-national dynamics to develop locally relevant responses to health challenges as well as their underlying disparities. Case studies focusing on multiple morbidities and effects of urbanization on health illustrate open dialogue in addressing HIV, maternal/child health, diabetes, and other major concerns. These instructive examples model collaborations between global North and South as meaningful steps toward the emerging global future of public health.

Included in the coverage: 

•        Building sustainable networks: introducing the Pan Institution Network for Global Health
  
•        Fostering dialogues in global health education: a graduate and undergraduate approach
  
•        Provider workload and multiple morbidities in the Caribbean and South Africa
•        Project Redemption: conducting research with informal workers in New York City
•        Partnership and collaboration in global health: valuing reciprocity

Global Health Collaboration will interest faculty working within the field of global health; scholars within public health, health policy, and cognate disciplines; as well as administrators looking to develop international university partnerships around global health and graduate students in the areas of global health, health administration, and public health and related social sciences (e.g., sociology, anthropology, demography).