ISBN-13: 9783531135342 / Niemiecki / Miękka / 2001 / 300 str.
tragen wurde und wird (ebd. ). Scholte (2000: 214) fasst einige der Auswirkungen dieser Politik anschaulich zusammen: "The World Bank has estimated that the num ber of people living on less than the equivalent of one dollar per day rose from 1. 2 billion in 1987 to 1. 5 billion in 1997. During the 1980s, 37 of the world's poorest countries experienced cuts in health budgets. As of the mid-1990s, around a seventh of the world's population was chronically malnourished . . . 70 countries experienced no increase in per capita income between 1980 and the mid-1990s, and 43 countries had a lower per capita income than in 1970. The scale of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa was as great in the mid-1990s as in the mid-1960s. " In einer zweiten Bedeutung kann Globalisierung als eine Rechtfertigungs ideologie verstanden werden: "Globalization began to be represented as a finality, as the logical and inevitable culmination of the powerful tendencies of the market at work. The dominance of economic forces was regarded as both necessary and bene ficial. States and the interstate system would serve mainly to ensure the working of market logic. Thus . . . globalization became an ideology" (Cox 1997: 23), und der okonomische Neoliberalismus, mit dem gegen westliche Wohlfahrtsstaaten und "okonomische Populisten" der Dritten Welt zu Felde gezogen wurde, wurde ihr Credo."