General Lattice Theory: Second Edition

ISBN-13: 9783764369965 / Angielski / Miękka / 2002 / 663 str.

G. Gratzer; George Grdtzer; George Grc$tzer

Opis

In 20 years, tremendous progress has been made in Lattice Theory. Nevertheless, the change is in the superstructure not in the foundation. Accordingly, I decided to leave the book unchanged and add appendices to record the change. In the first appendix: Retrospective, I briefly review developments from the point of view of this book, specifically, the major results of the last 20 years and solutions of the problems proposed in this book. It is remarkable how many difficult problems have been solved I was lucky in getting an exceptional group of people to write the other appendices: Brian A. Davey and Hilary A. Priestley on distributive lattices and duality, Friedrich Wehrung on continuous geometries, Marcus Greferath and Stefan E. Schmidt on projective lattice geometries, Peter Jipsen and Henry Rose on varieties, Ralph Freese on free lattices, Bernhard Ganter and Rudolf Wille on formal concept analysis; Thomas Schmidt collaborated with me on congruence lattices. Many of these same people are responsible for the definitive books on the same subjects. I changed very little in the book proper. The diagrams have been redrawn and the book was typeset in 1EX. To bring the notation up-to-date, I substituted ConL for C(L), IdL for I(L), and so on. Almost 200 mathematicians helped me with this project, from correcting typos to writing long essays on the topics that should go into Retrospective. The last section of Retrospective lists the major contributors. My deeply felt thanks to all of them.

Recenzje

"...Grätzer's 'General Lattice Theory' has become the lattice theorist's bible. Now...we have the second edition, in which the old testament is augmented by a new testament.... The new testament gospel is provided by leading and acknowledged experts in their fields.... Each [of these eight contributions] is itself a gold mine. This is an excellent and engaging second edition that will long remain a standard reference."

-MATHEMATICAL REVIEWS

"Despite the large number of coauthors the style is uniform and the book is well written. As the first edition of this book had a deep influence on the development of lattice theory, I expect that the new edition will continue to hold its leading position among the books on lattice theory."

-ZENTRALBLATT MATH

"This second edition of the Gratzer's book on lattice theory is an expanded and updated form of its first edition.  Following the line of first edition, it combines the techniques of an introductory textbook with those of a monograph to introduce the reader to lattice theory and to bring the expert up to date on the most recent developments. . . Author adds eight appendices to record the changes in the superstructure of lattice theory that occurred in the time between the two editions of this book.  In the first appendix, the authro reviews the major results of the last 20 years and solutions of the problems proposed in this book. . . Almost 900 exercises form an important part of this book.  The bibliography contains over 750 entries.  A very detailed index and the Table of Notation should help the reader in finding where a concept or notation was first introduced."

---ANALELE STIINTIFICE ALE UNIVERSITATII

 

Spis treści

I First Concepts.- 1 Two Definitions of Lattices.- 2 How to Describe Lattices.- 3 Some Algebraic Concepts.- 4 Polynomials, Identities, and Inequalities.- 5 Free Lattices.- 6 Special Elements.- Further Topics and References.- Problems.- II Distributive Lattices.- 1 Characterization and Representation Theorems.- 2 Polynomials and Freeness.- 3 Congruence Relations.- 4 Boolean Algebras.- 5 Topological Representation.- 6 Pseudocomplementation.- Further Topics and References.- Problems.- III Congruences and Ideals.- 1 Weak Projectivity and Congruences.- 2 Distributive, Standard, and Neutral Elements.- 3 Distributive, Standard, and Neutral Ideals.- 4 Structure Theorems.- Further Topics and References.- Problems.- IV Modular and Semimodular Lattices.- 1 Modular Lattices.- 2 Semimodular Lattices.- 3 Geometric Lattices.- 4 Partition Lattices.- 5 Complemented Modular Lattices.- Further Topics and References.- Problems.- V Varieties of Lattices.- 1 Characterizations of Varieties.- 2 The Lattice of Varieties of Lattices.- 3 Finding Equational Bases.- 4 The Amalgamation Property.- Further Topics and References.- Problems.- VI Free Products.- 1 Free Products of Lattices.- 2 The Structure of Free Lattices.- 3 Reduced Free Products.- 4 Hopfian Lattices.- Further Topics and References.- Problems.- Concluding Remarks.- Table of Notation.- A Retrospective.- 1 Major Advances.- 2 Notes on Chapter I.- 3 Notes on Chapter II.- 4 Notes on Chapter III.- 5 Notes on Chapter IV.- 6 Notes on Chapter V.- 7 Notes on Chapter VI.- 8 Lattices and Universal Algebras.- B Distributive Lattices and Duality by B. Davey, II. Priestley.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Basic Duality.- 3 Distributive Lattices with Additional Operations.- 4 Distributive Lattices with V-preserving Operators, and Beyond.- 5 The Natural Perspective.- 6 Congruence Properties.- 7 Freeness, Coproducts, and Injectivity.- C Congruence Lattices by G. Gratzer, E. T. Schmidt.- 1 The Finite Case.- 2 The General Case.- 3 Complete Congruences.- D Continuous Geometry by F. Wehrung.- 1 The von Neumann Coordinatization Theorem.- 2 Continuous Geometries and Related Topics.- E Projective Lattice Geometries by M. Greferath, S. Schmidt.- 1 Background.- 2 A Unified Approach to Lattice Geometry.- 3 Residuated Maps.- F Varieties of Lattices by P. Jipsen, H. Rose.- 1 The Lattice A.- 2 Generating Sets of Varieties.- 3 Equational Bases.- 4 Amalgamation and Absolute Retracts.- 5 Congruence Varieties.- G Free Lattices by R. Frecse.- 1 Whitman’s Solutions; Basic Results.- 2 Classical Results.- 3 Covers in Free Lattices.- 4 Semisingular Elements and Tschantz’s Theorem.- 5 Applications and Related Areas.- H Formal Concept Analysis by B. Cantor and R. Wille.- 1 Formal Contexts and Concept Lattices.- 2 Applications.- 3 Sublattices and Quotient Lattices.- 4 Subdirect Products and Tensor Products.- 5 Lattice Properties.- New Bibliography.

O autorze

George Grätzer is a Doctor of Science at the University of Manitoba. He authored three other books on LaTex: First Steps in LaTeX and Math into LateX, which is now in its third edition and has sold more than 6000 copies. Math into LaTeX was chosen by the Mathematics Editor of Amazon.com as one of the ten best books of 2000. He has also written many articles and a few books on the subject of lattices and universal algebra. In addition, Grätzer is the founder of the international mathematical journal, Algebra Universalis.

Blurb

From the first edition: "This book combines the techniques of an introductory text with those of a monograph to introduce the general reader to lattice theory and to bring the expert up to date on the most recent developments. The first chapter, along with a selection of topics from later chapters, can serve as an introductory course covering first concepts, distributive, modular, semimodular, and geometric lattices, and so on. About 900 exercises and almost 130 diagrams help the beginner to learn the basic results and important techniques. The latter parts of each chapter give deeper developments of the fields mentioned above and there are chapters on equational classes (varieties) and free products. More advanced readers will find the almost 200 research problems, the extensive bibliography, and the further topics and references at the end of each chapter of special use."

In this present edition, the work has been significantly updated and expanded. It contains an extensive new bibliography of 530 items and has been supplemented by eight appendices authored by an exceptional group of experts. The first appendix, written by the author, briefly reviews developments in lattice theory, specifically, the major results of the last 20 years and solutions of the problems proposed in the first edition. The other subjects concern distributive lattices and duality (Brian A. Davey and Hilary A. Priestley), continuous geometries (Friedrich Wehrung), projective lattice geometries (Marcus Greferath and Stefan E. Schmidt), varieties (Peter Jipsen and Henry Rose), free lattices (Ralph Freese), formal concept analysis (Bernhard Ganter and Rudolf Wille), and congruence lattices (Thomas Schmidt in collaboration with the author).