Gas Separation Membranes: Polymeric and Inorganic

ISBN-13: 9783319343273 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 331 str.

Ahmad Fauzi Ismail; Kailash Khulbe; Takeshi Matsuura

Opis

Materials discussed include polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon based materials, zeolites, as well as other materials, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) in which the above novel materials are incorporated.

Recenzje

"This book is one that addresses gas separation membranes as a separate entity from other membranes in application, while including information still pertinent to general membrane separation studies. Chemists, material scientists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, energy engineers, and process designers engaged in gas separations will all find value in this book. ... this book is a valuable resource for new researchers, and a decent reference for mature researchers in the field of gas phase membrane separations." (Jeremy Lewis, Chemical Engineering Education, Vol. 52 (3), 2018)

Spis treści

1. Introduction
1.1 Membrane Separation Processes
1.2 Membrane-based Gas Separation
1.2.1 Historical background
1.2.2 Scientific and Commercial Development of Membrane Process
1.3 Advantages of Membrane Processes

2. Fundamentals of Gas Permeation through Membranes
2.1 Gas Permeation through Membranes
2.1.1 Technical terms used in Gas Separation Membrane Science
2.1.2 Membrane Separation Principles
2.1.3 Gas Permeation through Porous Membranes
2.1.4 Gas Permeation through Nonporous Membranes
2.1.5 Gas Permeation through Asymmetric Membranes
2.2 Diffusion Theory of Small Molecules in Nonporous Polymer  Membranes
2.3 Diffusion Models for Rubbery Polymers
2.4 Diffusion Models for Glassy Polymers
2.5 General Membrane Transport Equations
2.6 Models for Gas Transport in Nanocomposite Membranes
2.7 Facilitated Transport Membranes

3. Gas Separation Membrane Materials and Structures
3.1 Membrane Materials for Gas Separation
3.1.1 Polymeric membranes
3.1.1.1 Silicon rubber
3.1,1.2 Cellulose acetate
3.1.1.3 Polycarbonate
3.1.1.4 Poly(nonborene)
3.1.1.5 Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-diphenyl oxide) (PPO)
3.1.1.6 Polyimides
3.1.1.7 Polyetherimide
3.1.1.8 Perfluoropolymers
3.1.1.9 Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)
3.1.1.10 Polyurethane (PU)
3.1.1.11 Polyaniline (PANi)
3.1.1.12 Polysulfones (PSf) and polyether sulfones (PES)
3.1.1.13 Polybenzimidazole (PBI)
3.1.1.14 Polyvinylidene fluoride
3.1.1.15 Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP)
3.1.1.16 Polysaccharide
3.1.1.16.1 Cellulose
3.1.1.16.2 Chitosan
3.1.1.17 Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
3.1.2 Copolymers and polymer blends
3.1.3 Other polymers
3.1.3.1 Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMS)
3.1.3.2 Cross-linking of polymers and other technique for modification
3.2 Inorganic Membranes3.2.1 Ceramic membranes
3.2.2 Silica glass membranes
3.2.3 Zeolite
3.2.3.1 Preparation of zeolite memberation by crystallization and seeding
3.2.3.2 LTA zeolite
3.2.3.3 NaA zeolite
3.2.3.4 DDR type zeolite
3.2.3.5 SAPO-34
3.2.3.6 AIPO-18.
3.2.3.7 Beta zeolite or ZSM zeolite (MFI zeolite membranes(ZSM 5))
3.2.3.8 FAU-type zeolite
3.2.3.9 Hydroxy-sodalite zeolite membrane (HDS-zeolite)
3.2.3.10 Zeolite T
3.2.3.11 Zeolite L
3.2.3.12 ITQ-29 zeolite
3.2.3.13 UZM zeolite
3.2.3.14 Zeolite W
3.2.3.15 Zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIFs)
3.2.3.16 Hierarchical zeolite
3.2.3.17 Other zeolitic type or ceramic/ inorganic membranes
3.3 Metal-Organic Framework Membranes for gas separations
3.4 Mixed Matrix Membranes
3.4.1 Preparation of nanocomposite membranes
3.5 Other Materials
3.5.1 Metallic membranes
3.5.2 Carbon Based Membranes
3.5.2.1 Carbon molecular sieve membranes (MSCMs).and adsorption selective carbon membranes (ASCM )
3.5.2.2 Carbon Nanotube
3.5.2.3 Graphene
3.6 Gas Separation Membrane Structures
3.6.1 Homogeneous dense membranes
3.6.2 Asymmetric membranes
3.6.2.1 Integrally skinned bilayer membranes
3.6.2.2 Integrally skinned trilayer membranes
3.6.2.3 Thin film composite membranes
 
4. Membrane Fabrication/Manufacturing Techniques
4.1 Polymeric Membranes Preparation
4.1.1 Phase inversion membranes
4.1.1.2 Precipitation by solvent evaporation
4.1.1.3 Preparation of hollow fiber membranes
4.1.3.1 Methods for spinning
4.1.2 Thermally induced phase separation (TIPS)
4.1.3 Other techniques
4.1.3.1 Coating
4.1.3.2 Interfacial polymerization
4.1.3.3 Plasma polymerization
4.1.3.4 Graft polymerization
4.1.3.5 Particle leaching
4.1.3.6 Track Etching
4.1.4 Poly electrolyte multilayer membranes
4.2 Inorganic Membranes
4.2.1 Preparation of inorganic membranes
4.2.1.1 Chemical vapor deposition 
4.2.1.2 Thin layer metallic membranes  
4.2.2 Silica membranes
4.3 Composite Membrane Preparation – Mixed Matrix Membranes
4.4 Preparation of Metal-Organic Frameworks membranes (MOFs)
4.4.1 Growth/Deposition from solvothermal mother solutions
4.4.2 Microwave-induced thermal deposition (MITD)
4.4.3 Stepwise layer-by-layer growth onto the substrate.
4.4.4 Electrochemical deposition of thin MOF-films on metal substrates
4.4.5 Deposition of MOF thin films using a gel-layer approach
4.5 Ultrathin Membranes

5 Membrane Modules and Process Design
5.1 Membrane Modules
5.1.1 Plate and frame
5.1.2 Spiral Wound
5.1.3 Tubular
5.1.4 Capillary
5.1.5 Hollow Fiber
5.1.6 Membrane Contactors
5.2 Comparison of the Module Configuration
5.3 System Design
5.4 Process Parameter
5.5 Gas and Vapor Permeation
5.6 Energy Requirements

6.Application of Gas Separation Membranes
6.1 Large-Scale Applications
6.1.1 Air separation (nitrogen and oxygen production)
6.1.2 Hydrogen recovery
6.1.3 Acid gas removal from natural gas
6.1.4 Hydrocarbon/Carbon monoxide separation
6.1.5 Vapor permeation /pervaporation gas separation
6.2 Present and Emerging Large-Scale Applications of Membrane Technology
6.3 Dew-pointing of Natural Gas
6.4 Olefin-paraffin Separations
6.5 Membrane/Pressure Swing Adsorption Process
6.6 Membrane/Distillation Process
6.7 Membrane contactor

7. Characterization of Membranes
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Mass Transport
7.3 Membrane Morphology
7.3.1 Microscopic Method
3.1.1 Atomic force microscopy
7.3.1.2 Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and   scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
7.3.2  Spectroscopy Method
7.3.2.1 Infrared (IR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
7.3.2.2 Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAL)
7.3.2.3 X-ray analysis and wide angle x-ray scattering (WAXS)
7.3.2.4 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
7.3.2.5 Small angle neutron scattering (SANS)
7.3.2.6 Raman spectroscopy (RS)
7.3.2.7 Small angle neutron scattering (SANS)
7.3.2.8 Raman spectroscopy (RS)
7.3.2.9 Electron spinning resonance (ESR)
7.3.2.10 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
7.4 Other Techniques
7.4.1 Optical technique
7.5 Thermal Properties
7.5.1 Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA)
7. 6 Mechanic Properties
7.6.1 Tensile strength
7.6.2 Young’s modulus or tensile modulus of elasticity

O autorze

Professor Ahmad Fauzi Ismail is the Founding Director of Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center (AMTEC) and also the Dean of Research for Materials and Manufacturing Research Alliance of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Professor Fauzi obtained a PhD. in Chemical Engineering in 1997 from University of Strathclyde and MSc. and BSc. from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 1992 and 1989 respectively. He is the author and co-author of over 350 refereed journals. He has authored 3 books, 25 book chapters and 3 edited books, 3 Patents granted 17 Patents pending. He has won more than 120 awards. Professor Fauzi’s research focuses on development of polymeric, inorganic and novel mixed matrix membranes for water desalination, waste water treatment, gas separation processes, membrane for palm oil refining, photocatalytic membrane for removal of emerging contaminants and polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications. Professor Fauzi has involved extensively in R&D&C for multinational companies related to membrane-based processes for industrial application. 

Professor Takeshi Matsuura studied at the University of Tokyo and the Institute of Chemical Technology of the Technical University of Berlin. He was appointed to Professor Emeritus of the University of Ottawa upon his retirement in 2002 after serving as professor of the Department of Chemical Engineering (currently Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering) and the director of the Industrial Membrane Research Institute (IMRI). He also served at University Technology Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia (currently at the Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC) of UTM), as a distinguished visiting professor, in years 2007, 2009-2014. He delivered many lectures at overseas research institutions and international conferences. He has published about 450 papers in refereed journals, authored and co-authored 6 books and edited 8 books.

Kailash C. Khulbe is a graduate of Agra University, India where he obtained the BSc, MSc and PhD. Degree.  His doctoral thesis was on the kinetics of the oxidation of aldehydes, ketones and other related compounds by persulphate catalyzed by Ag⁺ ion.  He joined Ottawa University (Chemical Engineering Department) in late 1960’s and worked on different projects related with catalysts, bitumen, Oil, ESR, IR, X-ray analysis, Chromatography etc.  He joined the Dr. T. Matsuura group (Industrial Membrane Research Institute (IMRI)) in the middle of   1990’s and started work on synthetic membranes. His main interests are AFM, Synthetic Membranes (Polymeric/Inorganic), Water treatment etc. He published more than 350 articles, one book (AFM for synthetic membranes) and many chapters for different books.

Blurb

This book describes the tremendous progress that has been made in the development of  gas separation membranes based both on inorganic and polymeric materials. Materials discussed include polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon based materials,  zeolites, as well as other materials, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) in which the above novel materials are incorporated. This broad survey of gas membranes covers material, theory, modeling, preparation, characterization (for example, by AFM, IR, XRD, ESR, Positron annihilation spectroscopy), tailoring of membranes, membrane module and system design, and applications.  The book is concluded with some perspectives about the future direction of the field.