Gas Phase Nanoparticle Synthesis

ISBN-13: 9789048166572 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 186 str.

Claes Granqvist; Laszlo Kish; William Marlow

Opis

Nanotechnology isa broad term that includes aspects of materials science, mesoscopicphysics, organicandinorganicchemistry, na- electronics, atmosphericchemistry, airpollution, and other?elds. The technology is very muchincurrent focus at the beginning of the Third Millennium and raises hopes for environmentally benign, resource-lean manufacturing of products of manykinds. One precursor to present-day nanotechnology used porous coatings, comprised of ultra?ne particles withdimensions inthe nanometer range, for absorption of thermal radiation on thermocouples, bolometers, and the like. These particles were prepared by gas-phase syntheses, speci?cally using species formed by nucleation andgrowth from a metalvapor - dergoing coolingby collisions withinert gas molecules. Such inert gas evaporation was explored inthe 1920s and 1930s see, for example, A.H. Pfund, Phys. Rev. 35 (1930) 1434]andwas investigated in moredetail in the 1960s and 1970s see, for example, K. Kimoto et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2 (1963) 702; C.G. Granqvist and R.A. Buhrman, J. Appl. Phys.47 (1976) 2200]. Improved analytical capabilities(electron microscopy)as well as new applications (selective absorption of solar energy) were twoofthe r- sons for the renewed interest. Today, gas-phase synthesis of nanoparticles constitutesthe foundation for a pro?table butstill small industry. Aerosols, i.e., dispersions or suspensions of particles ina gas, form the background ?eld for contemporaryefforts in gas-phase nanotechnology. Interest inaerosol researchhistorically arose from the issues of atmospheric chemistry and physics, human health protection, and airpollution. Today, aerosol researchengagesa vast array of efforts inthese and related ?elds, andelsewherein work identi?ed as nanotechnology."

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"Gas-phase nanoparticle synthesis can give accurate manufacturing control and industrial viability, but the basic science of the underlying processes has not gained much attention. This book fills that gap by addressing fundamentals of gas-phase synthesis." (Materials Today, May, 2005)

Spis treści

1 van der Waals Energies in the Formation and Interaction of Nanoparticle Aggregates.- 2 Effect of Thermoporesis on 10-NM-Diameter Nanoparticles in Gas Flow inside a Tube.- 3 Key Effects in Nanoparticle Formation by Combustion Techniques.- 4 Basics of UV Laser-Assisted Generation of Nanoparticles Chemical Vapour Deposition, and Comparison with UV Laser Ablation.- 5 Nanoparticle Formation by Combustion Techniques Gas-Dispersed Synthesis of Refractory Oxides.- 6 Electron Diffraction from Atomic Cluster Beams.

Blurb

This book deals with gas-phase nanoparticle synthesis and is intended for researchers and research students in nanomaterials science and engineering, condensed matter physics and chemistry, and aerosol science. Gas-phase nanoparticle synthesis is instrumental to nanotechnology—a field in current focus that raises hopes for environmentally benign, resource-lean manufacturing. Nanoparticles can be produced by many physical, chemical, and even biological routes. Gas-phase synthesis is particularly interesting since one can achieve accurate manufacturing control and hence industrial viability.

Nanotechnology is popular today. However, basic scientific aspects of the relevant, underlying processes have not received sufficient attention. This book fills the gap in the current literature by addressing certain fundamentals of gas-phase nanoparticle synthesis. Chapters cover topics such as forces within and dynamics of nanoparticle systems, gas evaporation and deposition, laser assisted nanoparticle synthesis, and nanoparticle fabrication via flame processes. A chapter on in-situ structural studies of nanoparticles undergoing growth complements the exposition.