Gamma Knife Surgery

ISBN-13: 9783709174173 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 205 str.

Jeremy Ganz

Opis

This book is a brief review of the fundamentals of Gamma Knife Surgery, a branch of radiosurgery. The first part of the book provides historical and scientific background information on the subject. A middle section consisting of a single chapter describes the experience of Gamma Knife Surgery from the patient s point of view. The remainder of the book describes the application of the method to a variety of clinical indications. In this second, revised edition an extensive reference list is added as an appendix. In addition appendices are written to a number of the chapters to indicate newer knowledge. The book is a useful introductory text to the field of radiosurgery in general and of course to Gamma Knife users in particular. It is aimed at spreading knowledge amongst those who have patients who might be referred for such treatment. This field is of increasing international interest since it is used in America, Asia and Europe, and more than 50000 patients have now been treated worldwide. ..". This book is very well structured and is a good introduction to stereotaxy and ionising radiation as treatment for specific intracranial lesions. It gives basic information necessary to understand the effect, indications and practical organization of a gamma knife intervention and makes it possible to respond to the patient's questions. ... is recommended for those who are performing or starting to perform radiosurgery, and for anyone who wishes to refer patients for such treatment. European Radiology ..". This second edition includes some of the developments in the rapidly changing field of stereotactic radiosurgery ... serve as a very useful starting point ... British Journal of Neurosurgery

Recenzje

"... This book is very well structured and is a good introduction to stereotaxy and ionising radiation as treatment for specific intracranial lesions. It gives basic information necessary to understand the effect, indications and practical organization of a gamma knife intervention and makes it possible to respond to the patient's questions. ... is recommended for those who are performing or starting to perform radiosurgery, and for anyone who wishes to refer patients for such treatment." European Radiology "... This second edition includes some of the developments in the rapidly changing field of stereotactic radiosurgery ... serve as a very useful starting point ..." British Journal of Neurosurgery

Spis treści

I. Introduction and Basic Principles.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Principles of Stereotaxy.- Principles.- The Leksell System.- Target Identification.- Newer Localization Methods.- Modern Indications for Stereotaxy.- 3. Ionising Radiation and its Physical and Chemical Effects on Living Tissue.- Radiophysics.- Basic Concepts.- Units.- Electromagnetic Radiation.- Particle Radiation.- The Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation on Matter.- Pair Production.- The Effect of Charged Particles on Matter.- Radiochemistry.- Early Effects.- Biological Changes.- 4. Biological Effects of Ionising Radiation.- Cell Survival Studies.- The Linear Quadratic Equation.- Different Factors Affecting the Effects of Radiation.- Biological Factors.- The Cell Cycle.- Oxygenation.- Radiation Factors.- Fractionation and Fraction Size.- Time Between Fractions.- Dose.- Clinical Radiobiological Correlates.- The Fate of the Normal Tissue.- Hierarchical Tissues (H-type).- Flexible Tissues (F-type).- Tissue Architecture.- Cell Cycle Time (Tc) and Tumour Doubling Time (Td).- The Fate of Irradiated Tumour Cells.- The Radiosensitivity of the Tumour.- The Volume of the Tumour.- Accelerated Repopulation.- The Tumour Bed Effect.- The Hypoxic Fraction.- Reoxygenation.- 5. Ionising Radiation and Clinical Practice.- The Therapeutic Index.- Time Dose Relationships.- The Linear Quadratic Equation and Late Complications.- Early and Late Reactions.- Early Reactions.- Late Reactions.- Radiation Quality.- 6. Development of the Gamma Knife.- Preparatory Basic Research.- The First Patients.- The First Gamma Unit.- Requirements.- Early Experience.- The Second Gamma Unit.- The Third Gamma Unit.- Summary of the Current Gamma Knife Method.- Dose Planning.- 7. Radiophysics, Radiobiology and the Gamma Knife.- Radiophysics and the Gamma Knife.- Energy.- Radiobiology and the Gamma Knife.- Factors Affecting Cell Survival.- Dose.- Dose Rate.- Dose Volume.- Dose Homogeneity.- Delayed Radiation Damage of Nervous Tissue and the Gamma Knife.- Radiation Tolerance of the CNS.- Dose Latency Relationships.- CNS Radiation Tolerance and Dose Volume.- CNS Radiation Tolerance and Fractionation.- Tumour Tissue and the Gamma Knife.- II. The Patient’s Experience.- 8. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: A Patient’s Eye View.- Information at the First Consultation..- The Nature of the Technique.- The Safety of the Technique.- The Degree of Disruption to the Patient’s Life.- The Waiting.- Information on Admission to Hospital.- The Brochure.- The Day Before.- The Day of Treatment.- The Day after Treatment.- III. Clinical Aspects.- 9. Diverse Clinical Aspects.- Variations in Intracerebral Radiosensitivity.- Variations in Extracerebral Radiosensitivity.- The Effects of Lesion Volume on Dose Planning.- The Effect of a Peripheral Intracranial Location on Treatment Planning.- The Effects of Treatment on Symptoms.- 10. Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations.- Nomenclature.- Arteriovenous Malformation.- Clinical Presentation.- Aims of Treatment.- Changes in Arteries following Radiation.- The Role of Radiation Treatment.- Results of Gamma Knife Surgery.- Patient Assessment for Gamma Knife Surgery.- Acceptance of Patient for Treatment.- Follow-up.- Cavernous Haemangiomas.- 11. Acoustic Schwannomas.- Diagnosis.- Results of Different Forms of Treatment.- Aims of Treatment.- Choice of Treatment or Treatment of Choice.- Changes in Acoustic Neurinomas Following Radiation.- Patient Assessment for Gamma Knife Surgery.- Acceptance of Patient for Treatment.- Dose.- Patient Follow-up.- Patients with Bilateral Tumours.- 12. Gamma Knife Applications in and around the Pituitary Fossa.- Hypophysectomy for Cancer Pain.- Choice of Treatment.- Radiosensitivity of the Anterior Hypophysis.- Cushing’s Disease.- Radiosensitivity of Pituitary Adenoma Tissue.- Diagnosis.- Aims of Treatment.- Results of Different Forms of Treatment.- Choice of Treatment.- Patient Follow-up.- Prolactinoma.- Acromegaly.- Nelson’s Syndrome.- Non-Hormone Producing Pituitary Adenomas.- Craniopharyngiomas.- 13. Meningiomas.- Types of Meningioma Commonly Referred to the Gamma Knife.- Regions where Radical Surgery is Commonly Difficult.- Results of Treatment.- Tumours Referred for Primary Treatment.- Tumours which Recur even after Radical Surgery.- Diagnosis.- Assessment for Treatment.- Tumours Related to the Cavernous Sinus..- Other Locations.- Dose.- Patient Follow-up.- 14. Miscellaneous Indications for Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.- Malignant Tumours — Metastases.- Clinical Presentation.- Aims of Treatment.- Patient Assessment for Gamma Knife Surgery.- Dose.- Acceptance of Patient for Treatment.- Malignant Tumours — Gliomas.- Type of Tumour.- Clinical Presentation.- Aims of Treatment.- Results of Gamma Knife Surgery.- Patient Assessment for Gamma Knife Surgery.- Follow-up.- Malignant Tumours — Optic Melanoma.- Clinical Presentation.- Aims of Treatment.- Patient Assessment for Gamma Knife Surgery.- Acceptance of Patient for Treatment.- Follow-up.- Other Benign Tumours.- Gliomas.- Non-gliomatous Benign Tumours.- Functional Radiosurgery.- Parkinsonism.- Trigeminal Neuralgia.- Cancer Pain.- Psychosurgery.- 15. The Future.- Target Limitations.- The Reemergence of Functional Indications for Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.- Quantification of the Effects of Treatment.- Radiobiological Variables.- References.