Fundamental Fault in Hypertension

ISBN-13: 9789401090063 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 346 str.

M. P. Sambhi

Opis

The fundamental fault in hypertension is unknown. Calling it a fundamental fault, indeed, tacitly begs the question: Is there one fundamental fault, or are there several that are interlinked or interdependent? A simple yes or no answer cannot be offered. This volume is not designed to survey the up-to-date recent advances in research on hypertension, nor intended to provide provisional an- swers to the so many unknowns in this topic. It is, in fact, an attempt to articulate questions that are worth asking, given the license of an unhibited, albeit disci- plined, inquiry. The range of expression varies from dogmatic opinion to a declared speculation. Is the primary abnormality an excessive sodium and reduced potassium intake over generations? Or is it hormonal excess, deficiency, imbalance or altered synthesis of abnormal forms? Does the nervous system playa role of active initiation or only of passive maintenance in the genesis of hypertension? Is the heart only a pump acting in concert with the happenings to the vasculature trying to provide adequate flow in the face of vasconstriction induced by neural or humoral factors, or does it sometimes become the culprit by pumping blood flow in excess of demand and thus initiating hypertrophic changes in blood vessels, or by assuming the role of an endocrine organ and being the source of a hormone with influence on cellular transport of sodium and on vasomotor tone? Is an elusive and mysterious fault in the kidney, the primary basis of all of the above

Spis treści

I. The Preamble.- 1. The long slow road to progress: a lesson in humility.- 2. Sir George Pickering’s views on hypertension.- 3. Facts, interpretations and extrapolations on the mechanisms that cause arterial hypertension.- 4. The infinite gain principle for arterial pressure control by the kidney-volume-pressure system.- 5. Hypertension research: a viewpoint.- II. How Important is the Salt Intake?.- 6. Determinants of blood pressure in populations.- III. The Central Role of the Kidney.- 7. The mechanism of sodium-dependent low renin hypertension.- 8. Mill’s disease amongst medical specialists in hypertension.- IV. A Defect in Cell Membrane Permeability.- 9. Cell membrane permeability and hypertension.- 10. Is biomembrane abnormality a pathogenic factor or a genetic marker of hypertensive diseases?.- V. The Antihypertensive Hormones Of the Kidney.- 11. Hypertension induced by JG-like cells grown in tissue culture.- 12. The glandular kallikrein-kinin system in hypertension.- VI. The Role of the Central Nervous System: Mediation or Initiation?.- 13. The mechanism of hypertension — a personal view.- 14. Arterial baroreflexes in human beings.- 15. Possible mechanism of protection from renal hypertension by anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) lesions: role of renal afferent nerves.- 16. Neuronal systems and their impact on blood pressure regulation.- 17. Brain catecholaminergic mechanisms and hypertension.- 18. Continuous intra-arterial blood pressure recording in human hypertension.- 19. Role of vasopressin in blood pressure regulation through its modulatory effect on baroreceptor reflex.- VII. Altered Hemodynamics: A Cause or a Consequence?.- 20. Controversies in the research on hemodynamic mechanisms in the development of hypertension.- 21. The role of the heart in hypertension.- 22. Structural change in the blood vessel wall: the fundamental self-perpetuating process in primary hypertension.- VIII. How is the Renin System Involved?.- 23. Is there a fault in the renin-angiotensin system in essential hypertension?.- 24. Biological significance of active and inactive renin in hypertensive patients.- 25. The relation of plasma renin substrate to blood pressure in essential hypertension.- 26. On renin substrate and hypertension: a hypothesis.