Formal Techniques for Data Base Design

ISBN-13: 9783642705946 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 114 str.

Antonio L. Furtado; Erich J. Neuhold

Opis

We report here the results obtained thus far along two distinct but complementary and converging lines of research work. The theme is conceptual data base design (specification), and the work has been going on for a number of years, mainly at the University of Stuttgart, in the Federal Republic of Germany, and at the Pontificia Universidade Cat6lica do Rio de Janeiro, in Brasil. We are glad to acknowledge the collaboration of several colleagues and students, particularly H. Biller, J. M. V. de Castilho, A. Horndasch, C. S. dos Santos, R. Studer, U. Schiel, and I. Waiter. Two other co-workers deservey special recognition, since they have shared in writing the report which originated part A of this book - M.A. Casanova and P.A.S. Veloso. The book is intended as a text for graduate courses on information systems and on data bases. The subject is treated formally, since we do believe that formality leads to precision, a quality that one misses in the still prevailing ad-hoc techniques. The theoretical background is covered, although in a condensed fashion, referring the reader to the appropriate literature for more details.

Spis treści

1 General Introduction — Two Approaches to Formal Data Base Design.- A — Application-Oriented Approach.- 2 Introduction to Part A.- 3 An Informal Outline.- 3.1 Information Level.- 3.2 Functions Level.- 3.3 Representation Level.- 3.4 Placing the Formalisms.- 4 The Information Level — The Use of Logical Formalisms.- 4.1 Logical Formalisms.- 4.2 An Example.- 5 The Functions Level — The Use of Algebraic Formalisms.- 5.1 Algebraic Formalisms.- 5.2 Obtaining a Functions Level Specification — An Example.- 5.3 First to Second Level Refinements.- 5.4 Proof of Correctness of the Refinement — An Example.- 6 The Representation Level —The Use of a Programming Language Formalism.- 6.1 Programming Language Formalism.- 6.1.1 Syntax — The Use of a Grammatical Formalism.- 6.1.2 Semantics — The Use of a Denotational Formalism.- 6.2 Obtaining a Representation Level Specification — An Example.- 6.3 Second to Third Level Refinements.- 6.4 Proof of Correctness of the Refinement — An Example.- B — Semantic Data Models.- 7 Introduction to Part B.- 8 The Logical Database Model.- 8.1 The Semantic Framework.- 8.1.1 Reality and the Real World States.- 8.1.2 The Natural Language State Description.- 8.1.3 The Abstract Model and the Standard Interpretation.- 8.1.4 The Logical State Description and the Interpretation IDB.- 8.1.5 Conventional Data Bases — The Syntactical View.- 8.2 The Logical Data Definition Language.- 8.2.1 Type Declarations.- 8.2.2 The Clause of a Type Declaration.- 8.2.3 The Clause of a Type Declaration.- 8.2.4 The Clause of a Type Declaration.- 8.2.5 Relation Declarations.- 8.2.6 The Clause of Relation Declarations.- 8.2.7 The Clause of Relation Declarations.- 8.3 The Logical Data Language LDL.- 9 The Entity-Relationship Model.- 9.1 The Entity-Relationship-Value Concept.- 9.1.1 Level 1: Entities, Relationships, Values.- 9.1.2 Level 2: Entity-Relationship Diagram.- 9.1.3 Level 3: Entity Relations, Relationship Relations and Relation Tables.- 9.2 Data Types and the Entity-Relationship Model.- 9.2.1 Generalization/Specialization.- 9.2.2 Aggregation.- 9.2.3 Grouping.- 9.3 Existence and Identification Constraints in the Extended ER-Model.- 9.3.1 Constraints Related to Generalization/Specialization.- 9.3.2 Constraints Related to Aggregation.- 9.3.3 Constraints Related to Grouping.- 9.4 An Example Using the Extended ER-Model.- 10 The Temporal Hierarchic Model.- 10.1 The Basic Concepts of THM.- 10.2 The Notions of Time in THM.- 10.3 The Operational Facilities of the Temporal Hierarchic Model.- 10.3.1 The Basic State Manipulation Actions.- 10.3.2 Complex State Manipulation Actions.- 11 Conclusion.- 12 References.- 13 Subject Index.