Foot Surgery Viewed Through the Prism of Comparative Anatomy: From Normal to Useful

ISBN-13: 9781786306043 / Angielski / Twarda / 2020 / 208 str.

Cyrille Cazeau

Spis treści

Foreword ixIntroduction xiiiChapter 1. Comparison: The Key to Understanding Human Specificity 11.1. Comparison, a source of clarity 11.2. Different models of the foot and ankle throughout evolution 11.2.1. Evolution of the chiridial limb 21.2.2. The human model 61.2.3. Comparative functional anatomy 91.3. Different functional anatomy models of bipedalism, from turkeys to humans and great apes 101.3.1. Challenges in terms of phylogeny 101.3.2. Definition of bipedalism 111.3.3. Different bipeds 121.3.4. Conclusion 231.4. Permanent terrestrial human bipedalism, explained through the model of the bi-articular muscles 231.4.1. Introduction 231.4.2. Kinematic analysis 241.4.3. Dynamic analysis (Figure 1.22) 261.4.4. Electromyography 281.4.5. Surgical treatment 311.4.6. Conclusion 321.5. Alternating dorsal/plantar flexion of the ankle; comparison with the great ape 321.5.1. Kinematic analysis 331.5.2. Dynamic analysis 361.5.3. Conclusion 361.6. Dorsiflexion location (Figure 1.15) 37Chapter 2. The Aim of Surgery: Restore Function 392.1. Introduction 392.1.1. The notion of sacrifice 392.1.2. Normal 392.1.3. Useful 402.1.4. Direct surgical implications 412.2. Hallux valgus 422.2.1. Pathophysiology 422.2.2. Normality/utility balance 452.3. Arthrodesis 482.3.1. The first cuneometatarsal joint (C1M1) 482.3.2. First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP1) 522.4. Excessive mechanical pressure under the forefoot (second, third and fourth metatarsals - M2, M3 and M4, respectively) 552.4.1. Biomechanics and evolution 552.4.2. Pathophysiology 572.4.3. Surgical treatment 582.5. Plantar plate 602.5.1. Introduction 602.5.2. Plantar plate in primates 602.5.3. Anatomy 612.5.4. Biomechanics 642.5.5. Mechanical balance 662.5.6. Treatment 662.6. Release of gastrocnemius muscles 662.7. Claw toes (Figure 2.34) 672.7.1. Surgical alternatives 672.7.2. Anatomy reminder 692.7.3. Extension function 712.7.4. Flexor tendons: which priorities? 742.7.5. Unusual anastomose 782.7.6. Conclusion 792.8. Second ray syndrome 802.8.1. Medical and surgical considerations 802.8.2. Second metatarsal in human primates, non-human primates and fossil hominids 832.8.3. Treatment 942.8.4. Conclusion 952.9. Morton's neuroma 952.9.1. Introduction 952.9.2. Pathological anatomy review 952.9.3. Clinical consequence 972.9.4. Surgical options 972.9.5. Choosing between utility and normality 982.10. Appendix: anatomy and function of tendons 98Chapter 3. Rapid Healing Through Immediate Use of the Operated Foot: A Purpose 1013.1. Introduction 1013.2. The need for a concept 1023.3. New percutaneous and minimally invasive techniques 1023.3.1. Development of percutaneous surgery 1023.3.2. Principles of percutaneous surgery 1033.3.3. Biomechanical translation of this new conceptual approach 1053.3.4. Absence of pain 1093.3.5. Immediate full weight bearing 1103.3.6. Manipulations 1113.3.7. Technological innovation 1113.3.8. New role for postoperative dressings 1123.3.9. Outpatient surgery 1123.3.10. New work in anatomy 1143.3.11. Conclusion 1143.4. Biomechanics of stability 1143.5. Pain and recovery 1183.6. Forces and tissue growth 1183.6.1. Introduction 1193.6.2. Applicable forces 1213.6.3. Mechanoreceptors - the starting point 1303.6.4. Intracellular transmission: cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix 1333.6.5. Intracellular biochemical reactions 1373.6.6. Translation by physical elements 1383.7. Conclusion 154Conclusion 155References 157Index 177

O autorze

Cyrille CAZEAU, M.D. : Foot and ankle surgeon