Financial Inclusion Schemes in India

ISBN-13: 9789811913150 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022

Firdous Ahmad Malik;D. K. Yadav

Opis

The exclusion of the destitute population from the formal financial system is a long-standing problem in India. This book examines the performance of financial inclusion policies in India to understand their impact on two urban vulnerable groups, Slum Dwellers and Beggars. This study includes analysis at the national level, the variables of the financial inclusion index like Penetration, Availability, and Usage from 2006 to 2020 from the world bank data set. Similarly, the authors examine five policies on financial inclusion by conducting a primary level survey on two urban capital cities of Lucknow and Kolkata, using a well-structured questionnaire for data collection. The authors uses two sampling techniques: simple random in the case of beggars, and stratified random in the case of slum dwellers.

This book highlights the difference between financial access and non-access of household respondents in capturing the impacts of financial inclusion schemes on their socio-economic condition and financial behavior. The findings indicate that access to these schemes is extremely limited for the underprivileged population, such as beggars and slum dwellers. The analysis has shown that claims made by the government are not based on real-life occurrences. This book demonstrates that these programs have a negligible effect on life-deprived people.

This book will be of interest to academia, policymakers, and society at large.

Spis treści

S. No. Title

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Definition of Financial Inclusion:

1.3 Literature Review

1.3.1 Concept of Financial inclusion and exclusion

1.4 Problems of supply driven financial policies and poor

1.5 Recent Financial Inclusion Schemes

1.6 Research Questions

1.7 Scope of the Study

1.8 Statement of the Research Problem

1.9 Objectives of the Study

1.10 Hypothesis

1.11 Methodology

1.11.1 Research Methods

1.12 Chapter Plan

1.13 References

Chapter 2: Financial Theories and Their Relevance in Financial Inclusion

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Theoretical Background

2.3 Individual-Oriented Perspectives

2. 4 Sociological Perspective

2.5 Institutional Perspective

2.6 Conclusion

2.7 References

Chapter 3: Impact of Recent Financial Inclusion Schemes on Status of Financial inclusion in India: Secondary Data Analysis

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Recent Financial Inclusion Schemes and Their Performances from Secondary Data Analysis

3.2.1 Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

3.2.2 Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana

3.2.3 Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)

3.2.4 Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)

3.2.5 Atal Pension Yojana (APY)

3.3 Development of Financial Inclusion Index

3.4 Calculation of Financial Inclusion Index (FII) – Comparison of Past Attempts

3.5 The Financial Inclusion Index

3.6 Impact Assessment of Recent Financial Inclusion Schemes on Financial Inclusion Index:

3.6.1 Regression Model

3.7 Conclusion

3.8 References

Chapter 4 Socio-Economic Conditions and Pattern of Access and Non-Access in Recent Financial Inclusion Schemes of the Poorest of Poor.

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Socio-economic conditions of Beggars from Lucknow and Kolkata.

4.3 Socio-economic conditions of slums from Lucknow and Kolkata.

4.4 Access and Non-access pattern of financial products and services (Slums)

4.5 Access and Non-access pattern of financial products and services (Beggars)

4.6 Patterns of access and non-access with reference to socio -economic factors

4.7 Determining Factors of Financial Access among Slum Dwellers and Beggars

4.7.1 Hypothesis testing  

4.7.2 Binary Logistic Regression Model

4.8 Findings

4.9 Conclusion

4.8 References

Chapter 5: Financial Inclusion Schemes and Changing Socio Economic Status of Poorest of The Poor

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Living Status of Slums in Lucknow and Kolkata

5.3 Flow chart of Hypothesis: Banking access and socio-economic status of slums in Lucknow and Kolkata

5.4 Socio Economic Status: Variables of the study

5.5 Socio Economic Index

5.6 Regression Model (I)

5.7 Financial Inclusion and Financial Literacy Index

5.8 Regression Model (II)

5.9 Findings

5.10 Conclusion

5.11 References

Chapter 6: Impact of Recent Financial Inclusion Schemes on Economic and Financial Behaviour of Poorest of the Poor

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Financial Access and Income Pattern of Slum Dwellers

6.3 Financial Access and Expenditure Pattern of Slums

6.4 Income Expenditure Mismatch Among Slums Dwellers and Beggars

6.5 Financial Access and Financial Behaviour of Slum Dwellers

6.6 Description of MANOVA Model

6.6.1 Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) 

6.7 Findings

6.8 Conclusions

6.9 References

Chapter 7 Conclusions, Findings and Recommendation

7.1 Conclusions

7.2 Findings of the Study

7.3 Recommendations of the study

7.4 Limitations of the Study

8.1 Bibliography 

9.1 Appendixes 

5.12 Appendixes

O autorze

Firdous Ahmad Malik is a Senior Research Associate at Jindal Center for Global South O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India. He has published papers in Springer, Elsevier, Taylor Francis and other Scopus indexed journals. His research focuses on financial behaviour of the poorest of the poor, financial inclusion, and financial literacy; specializing in Microfinance, Development Economics, Urban-Rural Poverty, Monetary Economics, Public Finance and Inclusive Education.

D. K. Yadav is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Economics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow, India. He has published papers in Springer, Elsevier, and other Scopus indexed journals. He has 12 years of teaching experience in Economics (Money and banking, public finance and econometrics). His research focuses on Econometric Theory, Applied Econometrics: Policy Evaluation in Microfinance, poverty and informal economy, Money and Banking and Financial Institutions, Monetary Economics, and Public Finance.