Fifty Years of Bangladesh, 1971-2021: Crises of Culture, Development, Governance, and Identity

ISBN-13: 9783030971571 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022

Taj Hashmi

Opis

This book, the first historical sociology of its kind concerning Bangladesh, examines the country's what-went-wrong-syndrome during the first fifty years of its existence, 1971-2021. The work is an exception to the traditional studies on modern and contemporary Bangladesh. The study is also a post-history of united Pakistan. Busting several myths, it sheds light on many known and unknown facts about the history, politics, society, and culture of the country. Besides being a twice-born country – liberated twice, from the British in 1947 and from West Pakistanis in 1971 – it is also an artificial entity suffering from acute crises of culture, development, governance, and identity. Hashmi attributes the culture and identity crises to the demographic byproducts of bad governance. In addition to being overpopulated, Bangladesh is also resource-poor and has one of the most unskilled populations, largely lumpen elements and peasants. According to Marx, these people represent “the unchanging remnants of the past”. The second round of independence empowered these lumpen classes, who suffer from an identity crisis and never learn the art of governance. The proliferation of pseudo-history about liberation has further divided the polity between the two warring tribes who only glorify their respective idols, Mujib and Zia. Pre-political and pre-capitalist peasants’ / lumpen elements’ lack of mutual trust and respect have further plagued Bangladesh, turning it into one of the least governable, corrupt, and inefficient countries. It is essential to replace the pre-capitalist order of the country run by multiple lumpen classes with capitalist and inclusive institutions.

Spis treści

1. Introduction

2. Why Bangladesh? A Pre-History up to the Rise of Mujib, 1757-1963

3. The Rise of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, 1963-1971

4. The Decline and Fall of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman,1971-1975

5.Trial and Error, Hope and Despair: Bangladesh Under Zia and Ershad, 1975-1990

6. “Dynastic Democracy” Under the “Battling Begums”,1991-2021

7. Problematic Integration of Minorities: A Case Study of Bihari Muslims

8. The Crisis of Identity: Bengali, Islamic, or Islamist Extremism?

9. “Culture Matters”: Towards Understanding the Crisis of Culture in Bangladesh

10. Conclusions 

O autorze

Taj Hashmi is retired Professor of History and Security Studies at the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies (APCSS), USA. 

Blurb

This book, the first historical sociology of its kind concerning Bangladesh, examines the country's what-went-wrong-syndrome during the first fifty years of its existence, 1971-2021. The work is an exception to the traditional studies on modern and contemporary Bangladesh. The study is also a post-history of united Pakistan. Busting several myths, it sheds light on many known and unknown facts about the history, politics, society, and culture of the country. Besides being a twice-born country – liberated twice, from the British in 1947 and from West Pakistanis in 1971 – it is also an artificial entity suffering from acute crises of culture, development, governance, and identity. Hashmi attributes the culture and identity crises to the demographic byproducts of bad governance. In addition to being overpopulated, Bangladesh is also resource-poor and has one of the most unskilled populations, largely lumpen elements and peasants. According to Marx, these people represent “the unchanging remnants of the past”. The second round of independence empowered these lumpen classes, who suffer from an identity crisis and never learn the art of governance. The proliferation of pseudo-history about liberation has further divided the polity between the two warring tribes who only glorify their respective idols, Mujib and Zia. Pre-political and pre-capitalist peasants’ / lumpen elements’ lack of mutual trust and respect have further plagued Bangladesh, turning it into one of the least governable, corrupt, and inefficient countries. It is essential to replace the pre-capitalist order of the country run by multiple lumpen classes with capitalist and inclusive institutions.

Taj Hashmi is retired Professor of History and Security Studies at the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies (APCSS), USA.