Fibre Types in Skeletal Muscles

ISBN-13: 9783540426035 / Angielski / Miękka / 2001 / 112 str.

K. Punkt; Karla Punkt

Opis

Worldwide, numerous textbooks and publications have dealt with research on muscle fibres carried out under different points of view. In addition, comprehensive works such as Myology (Engel and Franzini-Armstrong 1994), Disorders of Voluntary Muscle (Walton et al. 1994), and Skeletal Muscle (Schmalbruch 1985) as a volume ofthe work Handbook of Microscopic Anatomy, have been published. Moreover, proceedings from myology symposiums give us access to the present state of the art in muscle research. The book The Dynamic State of Muscle Fibres (Pette 1990a) summarizes the contributions to the symposium of the same name, which was held in Constance in 1989. Considering these outstanding works one has to ask the question: Why do we need the present book? The first reason is that results from ongoing research expand scientific knowledge continuously. When dealing with muscle research one soon realizes that muscle tissue is a fascinating subject, whose secrets have not yet been revealed completely. The application of new techniques in muscle fibre research enables and provokes us to go deeper into the nature of muscle tissue. The results are findings that add a new dimension to what is already known. For instance, the detailed metabolic charac- terization of muscle fibre types in the context of an intact histological section has been performed only recently using cytophotometrical quantification of enzyme activities. The second reason for this book is of a more pragmatic nature.

Spis treści

Introduction.-When does differentiation of muscle fibres begin and which properties characterize a fibre type?.-The difficulties and possibilities fo classifying muscle fibres in distinct non-overlapping types.-Cytophotometry as a tool in fibre typing.-Changes of muscle fibre properties under physiological and pathological conditions.-Fibre type transformation.-FOG fibres - the most adaptable muscle fibres.-Are there adaptation processes in alpha-motoneurons like in muscle fibres?.-The influence of the muscle type on the properties of a fibre type.-Correspondences between physiological-metabolic fibre typing, ATPase-fibre typing and differentiation of myosin isoforms.-Expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms and protein kinase-CO in the different fibre types and alterations by diabetes and EGb 761 pretreatment.-Specific muscle fibre types of extraocular muscles.-Summary.-Conclusions.-References

Blurb

This book summarizes the present knowledge about skeletal muscle fibres. As an introduction the theoretical background of structure, contraction mechanism and development of muscle fibres is shortly described to understand the specific problems of different fibre types. The aim of the book is to characterize muscle fibre types from different points of view as we see it today. The intermingling of different classification systems has lead to some confusion in the literature about muscle fibre types. In the present book an overview about muscle fibre types is given, considering results from literature and own results. For the first time the metabolic fibre typing with cytophotometry has been performed. The cytophotometry as a tool in fibre typing is described in detail for practical use. Moreover, the metabolism and the adaptibility of a given fibre type under changing physiological and pathological conditions has been studied. Finally, the unusual muscle fibre types of extraocular muscles has been described. This book addresses researchers, physicians and students who are interested but not specialized in myology and who will be pleased to read only 100 pages instead of thousands of them.