Fact Proposition Event

ISBN-13: 9780792345688 / Angielski / Twarda / 1997 / 420 str.

Philip L. Peterson; P. L. Peterson

Opis

Peterson is an authority of a philosophical and linguistic industry that began in the 1960s with Vendler's work on nominalization. Natural languages distinguish syntactically and semantically between various sorts of what might be called gerundive entities' - events, processes, states of affairs, propositions, facts, ... all referred to by sentence nominals of various kinds. Philosophers have worried for millennia over the ontology of such things or things', but until twenty years ago they ignored all the useful linguistic evidence. Vendler not only began to straighten out the distinctions, but pursued more specific and more interesting questions such as that of what entities the causality relation relates (events? facts?). And that of the objects of knowledge and belief. But Vendler's work was only a start and Peterson has continued the task from then until now, both philosophically and linguistically. Fact Proposition Event constitutes the state of the art regarding gerundive entities, defended in meticulous detail.
Peterson's ontology features just facts, proposition, and events, carefully distinguished from each other. Among his more specific achievements are: a nice treatment of the linguist's distinction between factive' and nonfactive constructions; a detailed theory of the subjects and objects of causation, which impinges nicely on action theory; an interesting argument that fact, proposition, events are innate ideas in humans; a theory of complex events (with implications for law and philosophy of law); and an overall picture of syntax and semantics of causal sentences and action sentences. Though Peterson does not pursue them here, there are clear and significant implications for the philosophy of science, in particular for our understanding of scientific causation, causal explanation and law likeness.'
Professor William Lycan, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Spis treści

Preface. Introduction. Part I: On Facts and Propositions. 1. How to Infer Belief from Knowledge. 2. Propositions and the Philosophy of Language. Part II: On Events. 3. On Representing Event Reference. 4. Event. 5. What Causes Effects? 6. Anaphoric Reference to Facts, Propositions, and Events. Part III: On Complex Events. 7. The Natural Logic of Complex Event Expressions. 8. Complex Events. Part IV: On Actions and `Cause's. 9. The Grimm Events of Causation. 10. Four Grammatical Hypotheses on Actions, Causes, and `Causes'. 11. Causation, Agency, and Natural Actions. Part V: On Causation Statements and Laws. 12. Facts, Events, and Semantic Emphasis in Causal Statements. 13. Which Universals are Natural Laws? Notes. Bibliography. Index.