Explaining Judgments on Rule Violations: On Empathy, Moral Intuitions, and Emotions

ISBN-13: 9783031138683 / Angielski / Miękka / 2022 / 77 str.

Ann de Buck; Lieven J. R. Pauwels

Opis

This volume highlights the complex relations between empathy, individualizing and groupish moral intuitions, (anticipated) moral emotions, and moral judgment. It is rooted in the notion that human moral systems were not immune to evolutionary processes and thus shaped by biological and cultural evolutionary forces (e.g. natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, sexual selection, cultural mutation, ecological selection pressures, etc.). This edition proposes a conceptual model of both distal and proximal variables to integrate insights from Moral Foundations Theory with theorizing on commitment strategies by linking empathy and moral intuitions to moral emotions (guilt, anger, disgust), and moral judgment in the context of distinct moral violations. The proposed model is tested using data from a convenience sample of young adults in Belgium, who responded to written hypothetical scenarios in a large-scale online survey. This volume is ideal for moral theory researchers in criminology, psychology, and related disciplines

Spis treści

List of tables and figures 5

Chapter ONE: Introduction and aim of the study 7

Introduction 8

Aim of the present study 10

References 14

Chapter TWO: An evolutionary inspired integrated model: From empathy to moral judgment 21

Introduction 21

Moral judgments 22

An evolutionary inspired perspective 24

Four distinct moral violations 26

Theft by taking 27

Breaking a fairness rule (breaking a promise) 28

Punishing a free-rider 28

Consensual adult sibling incest 29

Distal and proximal variables 31

Distal variables 32

Proximal variables 41

Integrated model of moral antecedents to moral judgment 47

The relationships between empathy and moral intuitions 49

The relationships between moral intuitions, moral emotion, and moral judgment 50

References 53

Chapter THREE: Data and methodology 61

Participants 61

Written scenarios 62

Diagrams of the scenarios 63

Measures of the key concepts 68

Distal variables 68

Proximal variables 70

Endogenous variables 70

Analytic strategy 71

Measurement part of the model 72

Structural part of the model 75

References 77

Chapter FOUR: Results 79

Structural part of the model 79

Scenario_1: Theft by taking 81

Scenario_2: Breaking a promise (breaking a fairness rule) 83

Scenario_3: Punishing a free-rider 85

Scenario_4: Consensual adult sibling incest 87

Summary of the major findings 89

Chapter FIVE: Discussion and future research 91

Introduction 91

Strengths, limitations and future directions 93

Conclusion 97

References 99

APPENDICES 102

O autorze

Ann De Buck is PhD candidate and academic assistant in Criminology (since 2016) at Ghent University, Faculty of Law and Criminology. She is currently working on a doctoral research project, under the supervision of prof. dr. Lieven Pauwels, entitled “Moral emotions and moral cognitions in context: rule breaking as failure to cooperate”. Her fields of interest are interdisciplinary theory-testing research, rule-breaking decision strategies, juvenile delinquency, and morality. She has written articles in English and Dutch peer-reviewed journals, such as the Journal of Community Psychology, the European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research, the Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, Monatsschrift für Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform, Psychometrica Belgica, the European Journal of Criminology, Panopticon. She aims to finalize her doctoral research project by the end of 2022.

Lieven J. R. Pauwels (°1974) is Professor of Criminology (since 2007) at Ghent University, Faculty of Law and Criminology. He is Co-Director of the Institute for Criminal Policy and Research (IRCP). He has been conducting theory-testing research for the past 18 years. He has written over 200 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters. He is the author of widely usedtextbooks (in Dutch) on theories of crime causation and quantitative methods for criminologists. His fields of interest are interdisciplinary theoretical integration, the explanation of prosocial and antisocial behavioral strategies, person-environment interactions, rule-breaking decision strategies, juvenile delinquency, and violent extremism.

Blurb

This volume highlights the complex relations between empathy, individualizing and groupish moral intuitions, (anticipated) moral emotions, and moral judgment. It is rooted in the notion that human moral systems were not immune to evolutionary processes and thus shaped by biological and cultural evolutionary forces (e.g. natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, sexual selection, cultural mutation, ecological selection pressures, etc.). This edition proposes a conceptual model of both distal and proximal variables to integrate insights from Moral Foundations Theory with theorizing on commitment strategies by linking empathy and moral intuitions to moral emotions (guilt, anger, disgust), and moral judgment in the context of distinct rule violations. The proposed model is tested using data from a convenience sample of young adults in Belgium, who responded to written hypothetical scenarios in a large-scale online survey. This volume is ideal for moral theory researchers in criminology, psychology, and related disciplines.

Ann De Buck (*1966) is Doctoral Researcher and academic assistant in Criminology (since 2016) at Ghent University, Faculty of Law and Criminology. She is currently working on a doctoral research project, under the supervision of prof. dr. Lieven Pauwels, entitled “Moral emotions and moral cognitions in context: rule-breaking as cooperation failure”. Her fields of interest are interdisciplinary theory-testing research, rule-breaking decision strategies, juvenile delinquency, morality. She has written articles in English and Dutch peer-reviewed journals, such as the Journal of Community Psychology, European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, Monatsschrift für Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform, Psychometrica Belgica, the European Journal of Criminology, Panopticon. She aims to finalize her doctoral research project by the end of 2022.

Lieven J. R. Pauwels (°1974) is Professor of Criminology (since 2007) at Ghent University, Faculty of Law and Criminology. He is Director of the Institute for Criminal Policy and Research. He has been conducting theory-testing research for the past 18 years as a junior researcher, post-doc researcher, and since 2007 as a Professor of Criminology. He has written over 100 articles in Dutch, German, and English peer-reviewed Journals. He contributed to a number of Oxford Handbook Series that are relevant for criminology and he published books on Testing Situational Action Theory (2010), Problematic youth Group involvement as a situated choice (2015), and Social Disorganization Theory (2007). He is the author of widely used textbooks (in Dutch) on theories of crime causation and quantitative methods for criminologists. He is a Board member of the European Society of Criminology, the American Society of Criminology, and former president and co-founder of the Flemish Society of Criminology (VVC). His fields of interest are interdisciplinary theoretical integration, the explanation of prosocial and antisocial behavioral strategies, person-environment interactions, rule-breaking decision strategies, juvenile delinquency, and violent extremism.