Expert Systems and Decision Support in Medicine: 33rd Annual Meeting of the Gmds Efmi Special Topic Meeting Peter L. Reichertz Memorial Conference Han

ISBN-13: 9783540503170 / Angielski / Miękka / 1988 / 591 str.

Otto Rienhoff; Ursula Piccolo; Berthold Schneider

Opis

The 33rd Annual Meeting of the German Association for Medical Documentation, Informatics and Statistics was combined with a Special Topic Conference of the European Federation for Medical Informatics and takes place at Hannover, F. R. of Germany, from September 26 to 29, 1988. It was planned and initililly prepared by the late Prof. P. L Reichertz, who headed the Hannover institute from 1969 to 1987. To commemorate his contribution to the development of medicine the conference was devoted to him "Peter Reichertz Memorial Conference on Expert Systems and Decision Support in Medicine" Since computers in the early Fifties were first applied to support medical reasoning, various phases of euphoria and resi ation have . followed. Every new methodology which became technically possible was and will be applied to the old questlon of how to diagnose diseases more reliably. Artificial Intelligence is just one new approach to the old challenge. Over the years some. authors have been very optimistic and put forward opinions which motivated the common press to coin the phrase 'Dr. med. computer'. Papers printed under this heading rebuffed the majority of physiCians for many years. Today we know that medical decision making is a most complex buman performance. And 30 years of research on decision support have given us only limited insight into the underlying processes. Most of the principal methodological questions were already asked very early on."

Spis treści

and Memorial Session.- Decision Support in Medicine Comparative Methodology and Impact on the Medical Curriculum.- Special Topic Contributions.- Decision Support in Western Clinical Medicine.- Medical Practice — Decision Making: A Logical Model.- New Decision Support Concepts for the Pharmacy Application in the HELP System.- ROPES — A Rule-Based Outpatient Expert System.- DIACONS — A Consultation System to Assist in the Management of Diabetes.- Using Default Reasoning to Find Interactions of Drugs.- Decision Support for Cardiac Care Unit Admission — Evaluation of Methodological Approaches in Relation to Clinical Applicability.- MESSE — A Medical Expert System of Special Examinations.- Decision Support System in Oncology.- A Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Lung Cancer.- Medical Diagnosis by Negotiation Amongst Experts.- Aiding Medical Inferences by the Relational Rules Acquired from Medical Experts; Consultation System for Use in a Gynecologic Out-Patient Clinic.- Decision Support in Traditional Chinese Medicine.- Principles of Developing Expert Systems of Traditional Chinese Medicine.- Computer Simulation System on Diagnosing and Treating Hypertension by Traditional Chinese Medicine Associated with Modern Medicine.- An Expert System for Diagnosing and Treating Ectopic Pregnancy with Combined Traditional Chinese and Western Medicines.- Knowledge-Based Systems and Statistical Decision Support.- Statistical Reasoning and Learning in Knowledge-bases Represented as Causal Networks.- The Use of the Diagnostic Paradigm in Modelling Medical Decision Making.- The Computer-Aided Differential Diagnosis of Diseases of the Urinary Tract in Children.- Qualitative Modelling in Vascular Surgery.- Statistical Approach to the Acute Abdomen Diagnosis in Children.- A Probabilistic Approach to Health Care Delivery in Tropical Africa.- A New Approach to the Solution of Decision Making Problems in Medical Expert Systems.- Computer-Assisted Construction of Conceptual Frameworks for Health Systems Research.- Clinical Studies and Decision Support.- A Strategy for Identifying Clusters of Similar Response.- Error Rate Estimation in Discriminant Analysis in the Presence of Variable Selection.- Assessment of the Diagnostic Importance of BAL-Fluid Values with ROC-Curves.- Scoring Systems and Computer-Aided Prognosis in Patients with Bleeding Oesophageal or Gastric Varices.- On the Use of Statistical Expert Systems for Supporting Quality Assurance in Analysis of Clinical Trials.- Informatics as Applied to Expert Systems.- An Expert System for Interpretation and Diagnosis of ECG Signals.- An Expert System for Genetic Counseling.- MECOS-2: An Artificial Intelligence Tool System for Developing Medical Expert Systems in Various Subjects.- Diagnostic Expert Systems in Neurology — A Comparison between a Rule Based Prototype and a Database Oriented Approach.- Prediction of MSOF Evolution by Means of Nine Vital Systems Trajectories.- An Expert System for Cardiopulmonary Diseases in Primary Health Care.- Experiences with Expert Systems.- Knowledge-Based Decision Support for Laryngeal Tumor Diseases: Design and Structure of the ESTHER System.- An Expert System for Diagnosis and Therapy Planning in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.- Electrolyte and Haemostasis Test Interpretation by Expert Systems on Microcomputer in Medical Laboratory.- Representation of Neuroanatomical Knowledge by PROLOG.- Knowledge-Based Decision Support for Monitoring in Anesthesia: Problems, Design and User Interaction.- Shock Trauma Manual Computer Consultation Expert System.- An Expert System for Medical Evacuations.- A Computer Oriented Diagnosis of Acute Renal Failure in the Critically III Patient.- Decision Support in Medical Management of Personnel Resources: Duty Roster in an Anesthesiologic Department.- Computer-Aided Diagnosis: Experience with Knowledge Based Methods.- A Commonly Used Expert System of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).- On the Assessment of Medical Expert Systems.- Data Bases and Expert Systems.- PBASE: A Prolog BASEd Query Language.- Case Description and Case Retrieval on Time Oriented Patient Data.- ARTEL: An Expert System in Hypertension for the General Practitioner.- Computer Assisted Generation of Heuristic Rules in the Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias.- A Background Knowledge Base to Assist Coding of Medical Documents.- DES: A Domain Independent Expert System Running on a Microcomputer: Diagnostic of Thyroid Disorders.- Extraction of Knowledge from a Database.- A Computer-Based Reference System for Medical Diagnosis.- Knowledge Acquisition for Scheme-Based Medical Expert Systems: The Dysmorphic Syndrome Example.- Evaluation and Measuring of Benefit of an Expert System for Differential Diagnosis in Rheumatology.- POSCH Experience Integrating Expert Systems and Clinical Data Analyses.- Future Trends and Possibilities.- Status of and Research Needs for Expert Systems in Medicine.- Statistics, Modelling, Operational Research, Decision-Making and Expert Systems in the Public Health Control of Infectious Diseases.- Expert System Knowledge Transfer.- Philosophical Considerations about the Illusions and Delusions of Informatics in Health and Medicine.- Free Contributions.- Statistical and Laboratory Animals Methods / Statistische und Tierexperimentelle Verfahren.- Estimation of the Confidence Interval of a Rate and the Choice of Sample Size / Konfidenzbereichsschätzungen einer Rate und Wahl der Stichprobengröße.- Sensitivity of the Multi-Process Kalman Filter for Renal Transplant Monitoring / Sensitivität des Multi-Process Kalman-Filter für das Überwachen von Nierentransplantat-Patienten.- Experiences with Explorative and Confirmative Evaluations of a Prospective Study on Gravidity / Erfahrungen mit explorativen und konfirmativen Auswertungen einer prospektiven Schwangerschaftsstudie.- Methods of Estimation of Cancer Prevalence in the F.R. of Germany / Methoden der Prävalenzschätzung von Krebserkrankungen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.- Computer Simulation of the Kinetics of Labelled Cells in the Intestinal Tract / Computersimulation der Kinetik von markierten Zellen im Darmepithel.- Monitoring and Securing Data Quality in Multicentre Clinical Trials / Die Überwachung und Sicherung der Datenqualität bei multizentrischen klinischen Studien.- Skewness and Kurtosis of the Distribution of Body Weight in Artificial Populations of Laboratory Rats / Schiefe und Wölbung der Verteilung der Körpergewichte in Kunstpopulationen von Laboratoriumsratten.- Medical Documentation and Information Systems / Medizinische Dokumentations- und Informationssysteme.- Advantages and Disadvantages of Decentrai Documentation Systems / Gewinn und Gefahren dezentraler Dokumentationssysteme.- Computerized Textstring Standardization in the Medical Basic Documentation / Computerunterstützte Textstandardisierung in der medizinischen Basisdokumentation.- Syntax Analysis of Cytopathological Summaries / Syntaktische Analyse zytopathologischer Beurteilungstexte.- A Knowledge-Based System for Interactive Medical Diagnosis Encoding / Ein wissensbasiertes System zur Verschlüsselung natürlichsprachiger medizinischer Diagnosen.- Knowledge-based Indexing of Medical Phrases on the Basis of SNOMED: Methodological Considerations and the Realisation of EIDOS / Wissensbasiertes Indexieren von medizinischen Phrasen auf der Basis von SNOMED: Methodik und Realisation von EIDOS.- Managing the Evolution of an Integrated Hospital Infomation System by Using Efficient Concepts, Methods and Tools / Zur Evolution eines integrierten Krankenhausinformations- und Kommunikationssystems unter Verwendung leistungsfähiger informationstechnischer Konzepte, Methoden und Werkzeuge.- Decentralized Medical Documentation on Smart-Cards for Hemophiliacs / Dezentrale Dokumentation mit Chip-Karten am Beispiel einer Bluterambulanz.- Diagnosis-related Patient Categories in Ophthalmology / Krankheitsarten bezogene Patientenkategorien der Augenerkrankungen.- Knowledge-based Structural Components of Laboratory Information Systems / Strukturkomponenten zur Plausibilitätsbeurteilung in Laborinformationssystemen.- An Entity-Relationship-Model to Formalize the Structure of Data in a Medical Laboratory / Ein Entity-Relationship-Modell zur Formalisierung der Datenstruktur im Medizinischen Laboratorium.- Semi-Antomatical Encoding of Medical Diagnoses by Non-Professionals. / Ein halbautomatisches Verfahren zu Verschlüsselung medizinischer Fachbegriffe durch nicht-ärztliches Personal.- Systems for Intensive Care Medicine / Rechnergestützte Intensivpflege.- Development and Experience with a Therapy-Supportive Documentation System for Intensive Care Units / Entwicklung und Erfahrungen mit einem Therapieunterstützungs- und Dokumentationssystem für die Intensivmedizin.- INTENSIV — a Knowledge-based System for Intensive Care Units / INTENSIV — ein wissepsbasiertes System für die Intensivstation.- A Departemental Information System to Support Liver Transplantation / Ein departementelles Informationssystem zur Unterstützung der Lebertranspplantation.- Bayes Classifiers in Medical Decision Support in Cardiosurgery Intensive Care Unit / Klassifizierung mit Hilfe Bayes’scher Methoden bei der medizinischen Entscheidungsunterstützung auf der herzchirurgischen Intensivstation.- Image Processing / Bildverarbeitung.- Computer-Assisted Radiology: RIS/PACS Attempts at Definition and Questions of Interfacing / Computergestützte Radiologie (RIS/PACS) — Definitionsversuche und Fragen zur Koppelung.- PC-aided Morphometry of Nerve Fibers / PC-unterstützte Morphometrie von Nervenbiopsien.- Measurement and Analysis of Average Data Volumes of Different Imaging Modalities / Erhebung und Analyse von durchschnittlichen Datenvolumen am Beispiel verschiedener bildgebender Systeme.- An Environment for Knowledge-based Image Analysis in APL2 / Eine Entwicklungsumgebung für die wissensbasierte Bildanalyse in APL2.- Knowledgesbased Diagnosis Support Software System (RAMSES) for Tissue Characterizing with Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Wissensbasiertes Software-System (RAMSES) zur Diagnoseunterstützung in der gewebecharakterisierenden Kernspintomographie.- Pseudo-Color-Representation of Regional Organ Transfusion / Graphische Darstellung der regionalen Organdurchblutung.- Software — Demonstration.- DES: A Knowledge Based Expert System Shell as a Diagnostic Tool in Medicine.- ExTra — Expert System for Diagnoses of Complications after Kidney Transplantation.- A German Version of the HELP System.- Knowledge Based System for Diagnosing Anemia.- ADS: A System to codify Semi-Automatically Medical Diagnoses.- BMDP-5V Incomplete Repeated Measures ANOVA with Alternative Covariance Matrix Structures.- 3D Reconstruction and Visualization of Anatomic Objects.- ESTHER, an Expert System for Therapy Support for Laryngeal Tumours.- The Software-Package DEDUC for Cognitive Systems Analysis.- EIDOS, an Expert System for Automated Indexing on the Basis of SNOMED.- Problem of Qualitative Changes in the Time Course of Chronic Disease.- Pharmaco — and Cell Kinetic Simulation of Combination Therapy with Several Cytostatic Drugs.- SCREECON: Clinical Expert Consultation System for the Therapeutical Management of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease.- Reporting on Test Results with Pro. M.D..- SMA Scholz-MEDIS-Drug Information System.- PRIME-MED: A New Software Product for Support in Treatment, Progress Notes and Documentation Activities in Hospitals and Clinics.- DIAMON — An Expert System to Assist in the Therapy of Diabetes.- Computer Assisted Diagnosis.- INTENSIV — a Knowledge Based System for Intensive Care Units.- Author Index.