Experimental Slips and Human Error: Exploring the Architecture of Volition

ISBN-13: 9781489911667 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 346 str.

Bernard J. Baars

Opis

Whereas most humans spend their time trying to get things right, psycholo- gists are perversely dedicated to error. Errors are extensively used to in- vestigate perception, memory, and performance; some clinicians study errors like tea leaves for clues to unconscious motives; and this volume presents the work of researchers who, in an excess of perversity, actually cause people to make predictable errors in speech and action. Some reasons for this oddity are clear. Errors seem to stand at the nexus of many deep-psychological questions. The very concept of error presupposes a goal or criterion by comparison to which an error is an error; and goals bring in the foundation issues of control, motivation, and volition (Baars, 1987, 1988; Wiener, 1961). Errors serve to measure the quality of performance in learning, in expert knowledge, and in brain damage and other dysfunctional states; and by surprising us, they often call attention to phenomena we might otherwise take for granted. Errors also seem to reveal the "natural joints" in perception, language, memory, and problem solving-revealing units that may otherwise be invisible (e. g., MacKay, 1981; Miller, 1956; Newell & Simon, 1972; Treisman & Gelade, 1980).

Spis treści

Introduction: The Many Uses of Error; B.J. Baars. Theoretical Approaches: Errors, Ambiguity, and Awareness in Language Perception and Production; D.G. MacKay. Cognitive Underspecifications; J. Reason. A New Ideomotor Theory of Voluntary Control; B.J. Baars. Methods for Inducing Predictable Slips in Speech and Action: A Dozen Competing-Plans Techniques for Inducing Predictable Slips in Speech and Action; B.J. Baars. Laboratory Induction of Non-Speech Action Errors; M.E. Mattson, B.J. Baars. Findings and Theory Derived from Induced Slips: Errors in Inner Speech; G.S. Dell, R.J. Repka. Error-Minimizing Mechanisms; M.E. Mattson, B.J. Baars. Some Caveats on Testing the Freudian Slip Hypothesis; B.J. Baars, et al. Commentary: The Psychology of Slips; A. Sellen, D.A. Norman. 4 additional articles. Index.