Experimental Mechanics of Fractured Porous Rocks

ISBN-13: 9783031177378 / Angielski / Twarda / 2023 / 57 str.

Daniel Cabrera S.; Fernando Samaniego V.

Opis

The book offers novel petrophysical methods for obtaining and characterizing physical properties of sandstone and fractured carbonate rocks. The proposed experimental petrophysical test for the determination of permeability tensor ellipses in fractured rocks at a laboratory scale is a methodology of easy application and does not require complicated equipment. Such a test can be extended with 3D digital petrophysics. The estimation of principal permeability directions is useful in the realization of immiscible or miscible displacements in the rock. This book is of interest for professionals and researchers in the field of petrophysics and oil and gas exploration.  

 

Spis treści

1.1     Experimental Design in Reservoir Engineering. 3

1.1.1 Physical Models. 3

1.1.2 Mathematical Models. 4

1.2     Experimental Analysis of Fractured Porous Rocks. 4

1.3     Advantages of Whole Core Fractured Rocks Samples. 6

1.4 Book Overview.. 10

1.5     Industrial Applications. 10

References. 12

2.1 Rock Type l: Limestone Rock with Very Low Porosity and Permeability. 15

2.2 Rock Type ll: Compact Rock, with Low Porosity and Permeability. 16

2.3 Rock Type lll: Sandstone Rock of Intermediate Consolidation. 19

2.4 Rock Type IV: Sandstone Rock of Intermediate Consolidation. 21

2.5 Rock Type V: Fractured Rock with Low Porosity and Permeability Matrix. 23

2.6 Rock type Vl: Fractured Rock with High Porosity and Permeability Matrix. 24

2.7 Rock Type Vll: Rock with Triple Porosity (Matrix, Vugs, and Fractures). 29

2.8 Rock Type Vlll: Salt Rock. 35

2.9 Rock Type lX: Artificial Porous Media. 38

2.10 Compressibility of Rocks. 41

References. 42

3.1 Introduction. 43

3.2 Literature Review.. 44

3.3 General Methodology. 47

3.4 Experimental methodology. 50

3.5 Experimental Analysis Results. 53

3.6 Linear Compaction Tendency. 54

3.7 Vertical Permeability. 58

3.8 Transverse directional permeabilities. 60

3.9 Permeability Linear Functions. 70

3.10 Permeability Tensors for Fracture and Matrix permeability. 71

3.11 Conclusions. 73

3.11 References. 73

4.1 Introduction. 76

4.2 Dimensional analysis and Inspectional analysis. 78

4.3 Background. 79

4.4 Experimental Design. 82

4.4.1 Sample cutting and trimming. 85

4.4.2 Core cleaning and drying. 86

4.4.3 Bulk porosity, effective porosity, compressibility, and permeability data  87

4.4.4 Wettability. 89

4.4.5 Fluids Saturation. 91

4.4.6 Scaling and geomechanical dimensionless time. 92

4.5 First displacement (Residual oil saturation in vugy-fracture-matrix system). 98

4.6 Second displacement (Residual oil saturation in the pseudo-matrix system) 100

4.7 Discretization of residual oil saturation in the pseudo-matrix and vuggy-fracture system   103

4.8 Physical similitude between model and prototype. 104

4.5 Conclusions. 104

4.6 References. 105

O autorze

Daniel Cabrera

The author is a rock mechanics laboratory scientist in the Fractured Rocks Laboratory “Dr. Edgar Rangel”, National Autonomus University of Mexico (UNAM). The activities include the design and execution of advanced petrophysical experiments in unconventional reservoir rocks, mathematical modeling to interpret experimental data, and applied research for developing new tests and methodologies for PEMEX-PEP and private companies.  Furthermore, the author is an adjunct professor in the School of Engineering, UNAM.

The professional experience of the author has passed through industries of construction, petroleum engineering, and scientific research and development.

 

Fernando Samaniego V

The author holds B.S. and M.S. degrees from the National University of México (UNAM) and a Ph.D. degree from Stanford University, all in petroleum engineering. He has worked for the Mexican Petroleum Institute, the Electric Research Institute, and PEMEX, and currently is a professor of Petroleum Engineering at UNAM.