ISBN-13: 9786209591914 / Angielski / Miękka / 2026 / 56 str.
In this brochure, we present the results of the design and testing of innovations in physics and chemistry lab work at the middle school level. The guiding principle behind these innovations is to move away from the traditional model of practical work, which is based primarily on verifying theory and has been proven ineffective, and toward a model that can develop students' ability to take a coherent approach to acquiring knowledge and form a correct understanding of science. The aim was to broaden the scope of learning in practical work, enabling students to achieve conceptual (related to theoretical knowledge), procedural (related to skills and methods), and epistemological (enabling students to form a picture of science) objectives. This action research approach was first applied with student teachers in initial training and then with middle school teachers in continuing education.