Excitotoxins: Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at the Wenner-Gren Center, Stockholm, August 26-27, 1982

ISBN-13: 9781475703863 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 363 str.

Kjell Fuxe; Kjell Fuxe

Opis

This book is the proceedings of an International Wenner-Gren Center Foundation Symposium on "Excitotoxins" held at the Wenner-Gren Center in Stockholm on August 26 and 27, 1982. We are particularly happy that so many of the leading scientists in this field have been able to participate in this symposium. Since the book on "Kainic Acid" appeared in 1978 edited by Dr. McGeers and Dr. John Olney there has been an explosive interest in the research on neuroexcitatory and toxic amino acids. We therefore feIt the time was right to bring the leading experts in this field together by organising a symposium on "Excitotoxins." In this way we hoped to have a penetrating and friendly discussion on the mechanisms underlying the neuroexcitatory and neurotoxic properties of excitotoxins and their relationship to the glutamate and aspartate neuron systems of the brain. In Sweden we have previously had a symposium on "6-hydroxydopamine as a denervation tool in catecholamine research" held in Goteborg, Sweden, July 17-19, 1975 and organized by Drs. Gosta Jonsson, Torbjorn Malmfors and Charlotte Sachs. This symposium illustrated the considerable interest Swedish neuroscientists have had on highly specific neurotoxins, such as 6-hydroxydopamine, 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine; neurotoxins, which can produce damage to a certain type of transmitter-identified neuron. However, the neurotoxins, kainic acid and ibotenic acid represent another type of an invaluable tool in the experimental studies on brain function.

Spis treści

Session I Excitotoxic Amino Acids: Localization, Chemistry, Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry.- Identification of excitatory amino acid pathways in the mammalian nervous system.- Electrophysiological actions of kainate and other excitatory amino acids, and the structure of their receptors.- Two types of excitatory amino acid responses in the cat caudate nucleus.- Recent advances in the pharmacology of excitatory amino acids in the mammalian central nervous system.- Alteration by kainate of energy stores and neuronal-glial metabolism of glutamate in vitro.- Receptors for excitotoxins.- Overview Lecture.- Excitotoxins: An overview.- Session II Mechanisms of Excitotoxicity.- Neuronal degeneration after intracerebral injections of excitotoxins. A histological analysis of kainic acid, ibotenic acid and quinolinic acid lesions in the rat.- Kainic acid: Insight into its receptor-mediated neurotoxic mechanisms.- The neurodegenerative properties of intracerebral quinolinic acid and its structural analog cis-2,3- piperidine dicarboxylic acid.- Studies on excitatory amino acid receptors and their interactions and regulation of pre- and postsynaptic dopaminergic mechanism in the rat telencephalon.- Electrophysiological and pharmacological studies on kainic acid-induced neuronal activation.- An analysis of bioelectrical phenomena evoked by microiontophoretically applied excitotoxic amino-acids in the feline spinal cord.- The role of seizures in kainic acid induced brain damage.- Excitatory amino acid transmitters in cerebellum and optic tectum.- Mechanisms of excitotoxins examined in organotypic cultures of rat central nervous system.- Session III Excitotoxins as Tools in Neuroscience.- Ibotenate as a tool in neurobiology. Studies on dopaminergic and cholecystokinin immunoreactive neurons after ibotenate induced lesions.- Characterization of striatal ibotenate lesions and of 6-hydroxydopamine induced nigral lesions by morphometric and densitometric approaches.- Effects of ibotenate acid stereotactically injected into striatum or hippocampus on local blood flow and glucose utilization in rats.- Synaptic rearrangements in the kainic acid model of ammon’s horn sclerosis.- On the problem of distant lesions in behavioural studies utilizing kainic acid.- Kainic acid injections into the rat neostriatum: Effects on learning and exploration.- Effects of neurotoxic excitatory amino acids on neuroendocrine regulation.- Session IV Clinical Aspects.- Adverse reactions in humans thought to be related to ingestion of elevated levels of free monosodium glutamate (MSG) (Chinese Restaurant Syndrome and Other Reactions).- Temporal lobe epilepsy, excitotoxins and the mechanism of selective neuronal loss.- Huntington’s disease: anti-neurotoxic therapeutic strategies.- Excitotoxicity in ageing and dementia.