Evolutionary Biology: Volume 5

ISBN-13: 9781475702583 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 317 str.

Theodosius Dobzhansky; Max K. Hecht; William C. Steere

Spis treści

1 Species Interaction and Macroevolution.- Basic Macroevolutionary Model.- Environmental Change and Directional Selection.- Species Interactions and Directional Selection.- Discussion.- Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 Some of the Evolutionary Consequences of Being a Plant.- The Important Characteristics of Plants.- Natural Selection in Plants.- Barriers to Gene Flow.- Patterns of Differentiation.- Theoretical Models.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3 Origin and Evolution of Bilateral Symmetry in Flowers.- Definitions and Terminology.- Morphogenic Classification of Flower Types.- Improper Common Names of Flowers in Our Textbooks.- Early Evolution of Flower Types Differentiation of Bilateral Symmetry from Radial.- Flower Patterns.- Advantage of Bilateral Structures for Pollination and Fertilization.- Appearance of Bilateral Flowers in Angiosperms.- Development of Bilateral Symmetry in Marginal Flowers of Some Inflorescences.- Some Further Trends in the Evokation of Bilateral Symmetry in Flowers.- Ability of Anthophilous Insects to Distinguish Bilateral Symmetry in Flowers.- Mystery of Fragrant Blossoms.- Biochemical Evolution of Flowering Plants.- Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 4 The Ecological Genetics of Drosophila.- Distribution Data Between Species.- Distribution of Genotypes Within Species.- Morphological, Physiological, and Behavioral Traits.- Correlations with Enzyme Variants.- Migration and Dispersal.- Population Size.- Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5 Population Biology and the Tribolium Model.- Prologue.- Tribolium—the Organism.- The Ecology of Tribolium.- The Genetics of Tribolium.- The Behavior of Tribolium.- The Tribolium Model.- The Dynamics of Tribolium in Complex Environments.- Concluding Views.- Epilogue.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Ecological Opportunities and Dominant Families, as Illustrated by the Neotropical Tyrannidae (Aves).- Methods of Analysis.- The South American Tyrannidae.- Ecological Separation in Regional Faunas, Mechanisms Permitting a Diversity of Species to Occur Together.- “Tropical Diversity” Relative to the Neotropical Tyrannidae.- The Neotropical Tyrannidae Relative to African and Australian Counterparts, Some Comparisons of General Morphological Types.- Reasons Underlying the Exceptional Morphological Diversity of the Tyrannidae: the Late Penetration of South America by Potential Competitors from the North.- The Adaptive Zones of the Neotropical Tyrannidae, a Determination of Ecologically Equivalent Groups in the Avifaunas of Africa and by a Study of Structure.- The Avifaunal Histories of South America, Africa, and Australia Relative to the Tyrannids and their Ecological Counterparts.- The Significance of the Associated Fauna in Influencing, or Limiting, Evolutionary Diversification in a Group.- Conclusion.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Behavioral Genetics and the Fine Structure of Mouse Populations: A Study in Microevolution.- Biochemical Polymorphisms.- Ecological and Behavioral Field Studies.- Ecological and Behavioral Laboratory Studies.- Social Dominance and Darwinian Fitness.- Speculations.- Concluding Remarks.- References.- 8 Evolutionary Consequences of Differential Fertility and Assortative Mating in Man.- The Opportunity for Natural Selection.- Intelligence and Natural Selection.- Assortative Mating and Intelligence.- Differential Fertility and Assortative Mating.- References.- Author Index.