Essentials of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders: A Primer for Graduate Students

ISBN-13: 9783319796437 / Angielski / Miękka / 2018 / 656 str.

Gruol, Donna L.

Opis

Essentials of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders is the first book of its kind written specifically for graduate students and clinicians. It is based on the 4-volume treatise, Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders (Springer, 2013), the definitive reference for scientists and neurologists in the field of cerebellar neurobiology. There have been fundamental advances in the basic science and clinical neurology of the cerebellum and its role in sensorimotor function and cognition. This monograph makes this large and expanding body of knowledge readily accessible to trainees and clinicians alike. The editors are world leaders in the field, and the chapters are authored by an international panel of experts drawn from ataxia clinics and cerebellar laboratories throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Essentials provides a solid grounding in the field of cerebellar research and ataxiology from cerebellar circuity to clinical practice, and it serves as a springboard to a deeper appreciation of both the principles and the complexities of cerebellar neurobiology. Clinicians are expected to have a deep appreciation of cerebellar disorders, not only in specialized ataxia clinics but also in adult and pediatric neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and neuropsychology practices, and in outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation settings. This book is an indispensable resource for students and practitioners navigating the evolving field of cerebellar motor and cognitive neurology. It also links to the more expansive Handbook for those who need to explore the topics in this monograph in greater depth.

Spis treści

1. INTRODUCTION          

 

2. BRIEF HISTORICAL NOTE         

2.1.A brief history of the cerebellum

2.2. The Contributions of Gordon Holmes and Olof Larsell                            

 

3. ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM      

3.1 Gross anatomy of the cerebellum

3.2 Vascular supply and territories of the cerebellum

3.3 The olivocerebellar tract

3.4 Pre-cerebellar nuclei

3.5 Vestibular nuclei and their cerebellar connections

3.6 Spinocerebellar and cerebellospinal pathways

3.7 Visual circuits

3.8 Connectional anatomy of the cerebrocerebellar system        

3.9 Cerebello-cerebral feedback projections

 

 

4. EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CEREBELLUM

4.1 Cerebellar neurogenesis

4.2 Zones and stripes

4.3 Specification of cerebellar neurons

4.4 Cerebellar nuclei development

4.5 Development of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses

4.6 Synaptogenesis and synapse elimination in developing cerebellum

4.7 Cerebellar epigenetics: Transcription of microRNAs in Purkinje cells

 

 

5. CEREBELLAR CIRCUITS: BIOCHEMISTRY, NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROMODULATION

5.1. granule cells and parallel fibers

5.2. Purkinje neurons

5.3. Stellate cells

5.4. Basket cells

5.5. Golgi neurons

5.6. Lugaro cells

5.7. Unipolar brush cells

5.8. Glial cells

5.9. GABA pathways and receptors

5.10. Glutamatergic pathways and receptors

5.11. Norepinephrine<

5.12. Serotonin

5.13. Nitric oxide

5.14. Cannabinoids

5.15. Purinergic signaling

5.16. Neuropeptides

5.17. Neurosteroids

5.18. Cerebellar networks

5.19. Distributed Plasticity

 

6. BASIC PHYSIOLOGY  

6.1. Oscillation in the Inferior Olive neurons: Functional Implication

6.2. Simple spikes and complex spikes

6.3. Rebound Depolarization and Potentiation

6.4. Cerebellar Nuclei

6.5. Plasticity of cerebellum

6.6. Physiology of Olivo-Cerebellar Loops

6.7. Long-term depression at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses

6.8. Regulation of Calcium in the Cerebellum

 

7. NEUROIMAGING OF THE CEREBELLUM

7.1.Cerebellar closed loops

7.2.MRI aspects

7.3.SPECT and PET

7.4.Spectroscopy

7.5.Functional topography

 

8.FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE CEREBELLUM

8.1.Cerebrocerebellar networks

8.2.Clinical functional topography in cognition

8.3. Sequencing

8.4. Speech and language

 

 

9.CELLULAR AND ANIMAL MODELS OF CEREBELLAR DISORDERS

9.1 The zebrafish cerebellum

9.2 The teleost fish

9.3 Lurcher mouse

9.4 The tottering mouse

9.5 The rolling Nagoya mouse

9.6 The ataxic Syrian hamster

9.7 Lesions of the cerebellum

9.8 Staggerer mouse

 

10.HUMAN CEREBELLAR SYMPTOMS: FROM MOVEMENT TO COGNITION

10.1.Oculomotor disorders

10.2.Speech deficits

10.3.Deficits of limb movements

10.4.Lesion-symptom mapping

10.5.The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome

10.6.Clinical scales of ataxias

 

11.HUMAN CEREBELLAR DISORDERS: FROM PRENATAL PERIOD TO ELDERLY

11.1.Differential diagnosis based on age

11.2.Pediatric ataxias – Overview

11.3.Autism spectrum disorders

11.4.Autosomal recessive ataxias

11.5.X-linked ataxias

11.6.Imaging of cerebellar malformations

11.7.Cerebellar stroke

11.8.Immune diseases

11.9.Paraneoplastic ataxias

11.10.Essential tremor

11.11.Toxic agents

11.12. Endocrine disorders

 

12.THERAPIES OF CEREBELLAR ATAXIAS

12.1.Drugs in selected ataxias

12.2.Cerebellostimulation

12.3.Rehabilitation

INDEX  

 

O autorze

International panel of editors: the 6 editors have a strong experience in research and/or in the clinic. They all devote most of their time to cerebellar research and have regular teaching duties for several of them. Through their networks, their students and the attendance to international conferences, they will contribute to a fast dissemination of the book.

International panel of authors: the book will gather an international panel of scientists who are key-players in the field. They are located in USA, in Europe and in Asia. Many of them have contributed to the Handbook and we also aim to attract novel authors or young talented scientists. The authors will come from the best clinical centers, universities or research centers in the world.