Epistemic Meaning

ISBN-13: 9783642716782 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 204 str.

Monika Doherty

Opis

This volume is a revised and extended edition of Epistemische Bedeutung (Doherty 1985). The German and the English versions dif fer in a number of aspects, only two of which can be attributed to the difference between German and English: A number of com binatorial options of epistemic particles discussed in Epistemische Bedeutung have not been included in the English version, as the English-speaking reader may be expected to be more interested in the general aspects of the topic than in the specific properties of a class of linguistic entities which does not exist in English at all. The second difference between the German and English editions concerns a ter minological change: "Evaluative Einstellungen" has been translated not as "evaluative;' but as "emotional attitudes;' This has become necessary, as "Bewertung" ("evaluation") has been introduced to replace "Urtei/" ("judgement;' "assessment"), which was a mor phologically less transparent term, lacking a full-fledged paradigm of derivations to cope with the various applications of this central no tion. The terminological change yielded labels for the complex com ponents of epistemic meaning (namely "evaluated" and "semi evaluated propositional meaning") which had remained without names in the German edition. Though the change from "judgement" to "evaluation" is mainly one of terminology and has not introduced any new content, it was connected with a revision in the way the logical nature of the basic epistemic elements is represented."

Spis treści

I Theoretical Framework.- 1 Preliminary Remarks.- Object of Study.- Relevant Context Classes.- A Linguistic Approach to Epistemic Meaning.- 2 Attitudinal Meaning.- Evaluating Propositional Meaning.- Two Ways of Evaluating Propositional Meaning.- Morphologically Empty Element of SE.- Attitudinal Mood.- Some Representational Conventions and Meaning Postulates.- 3 Condition of Propositionality.- Opaque and Transparent Attitudes.- Attitudes Under Focus.- Condition of Propositionality Lifted.- 4 Attitudinal Meaning Implied.- Three Types of Implied Meaning.- Contrastive Stress.- Four Meaning Postulates About Implicit Evaluation.- 5 Evaluating Clauses.- Indirect Status of Clausal Evaluation.- Causal Complementizers.- Conditional Complementizers.- Clausal Evaluation in Attitudinal Sentences.- Relativizing Clausal Evaluation.- Presuppositions.- 6 Sentence Intonation.- Secondary Questions.- Emphatic Exclamations.- Finalizing Adverbials.- Ousted Negation.- Wh Questions Interpreted and Reinterpreted.- Finalizing Clausal Evaluation.- 7 Modifying Evaluation.- Emotional Adverbials.- Modalizing.- Modalizing Questions.- Contrasting Modalized Evaluations.- Deictic Shifts.- II Epistemic Particles.- 8 Relating the Speaker’s Evaluation to Other Evaluations.- Contextual Peculiarities of Epistemic Particles.- Ja.- Denn.- Doch.- Etwa.- Wohl.- Assertive Power.- 9 Clausal Evaluation with Particles.- Declarative Clauses.- Interrogative Clauses.- Adverbial Clauses.- Relative Clauses.- Clausal Evaluation Finalized by Epistemic Particles.- 10 Contrasted Particles.- Contrasted Elements and the Category of SE.- Contrasted Ja.- Intentional Ja.- Contrasted Denn.- Contrasted Doch.- Contrasted Wohl.- III Attitudinal Meaning Integrated.- 11 Simple Sentences.- Semantic Structures of Individual Elements.- Integration into Sentence Meaning.- 12 Complex Sentences.- Complex Sentences with Adverbial Clauses.- Complex Sentences with Attitudinal Clauses.- 13 Reinterpretation.- Specifying the Subject of an Evaluation.- Secondary Questions and Emphatic Exclamations.- Wh Echo Questions.- Finalizing Clausal Evaluations.- 14 Contrasted Particles.- 15 Restrictions.- Appendix A: Meaning Postulates.- Appendix B: Rules.- Appendix C: Semantic Structures.- Appendix D: List of Sentences with Graphs.- References.