Environmental Research and Protection: Inorganic Analysis

ISBN-13: 9783540134695 / Angielski / Miękka / 1984 / 296 str.

W. Fresenius; I. Luderwald

Opis

Inorganic chemical pollutants such as S02 and NO. , which also act as the major precursors of acid rain, as well as ecotoxic heavy metals and metalloids (cadmium, lead, mercury, copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, arsenic, selenium etc. ) have gained considerable significance as regards the ecotoxic burden on vegetation, soil and natural waters, and as air pollutants. The rapid increase that has recently been noticed in severe damage to forests has suddenly aroused public interest in the ever-growing problem of inorganic chemical pollutants to a hitherto unknown extent, especially as in addition to the damage to vegetation, this also constitutes a growing hazard for man via food chains. Research on the level, fate and transfer as well as on the ecotoxic and toxic impact of inorganic pollutants has therefore gained considerable significance in science and furthermore as a sound scientific basis for relevant environmental protection regulations, in research politics and in public awareness.

Spis treści

Sea Water.- Comparative Studies on Cadmium Levels in the North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Barents Sea and the Eastern Arctic Ocean.- Analysis and Quality Control.- Improving the Quality of Environmental Trace Analysis.- Routes to Powerful Methods of Elemental Trace Analysis in Environmental Samples (in German).- The Place of Neutron Activation Analysis in Environmental Research.- Coupling of HPLC and Chemical Reaction Detector for the Separation and Determination of Organolead Compounds (in German).- Determination of Arsenic Species in Liquid and Solid Materials from the Environment and Food, and in Body Fluids.- Significance of Environmental Specimen Banking — Inorganic Tasks and Preliminary Results within the German Environmental Specimen Bank Programme (in German).- Determination of Thallium in Raw Materials and Environmental Samples (in German).- Application of Statistical Methods in the Evaluation of Interlaboratory Tests (in German).- IUPAC Interlaboratory Surveys on Cadmium in Whole Blood.- Pretreatment Studies with Biological and Environmental Materials. IV. Complete Wet Digestion in Partly and Completely Closed Quartz Vessels for Subsequent Trace and Ultratrace Mercury Determination.- Control and Routine Determination of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Co with Differential Pulse Voltammetry in Materials of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (in German).- On the Coupling of Anodic Stripping with Electrocatalysis: Application to the Determination of Copper Traces.- Enhancement of Sensitivity in the Determination of Lead by AAS (in German).- The Tube-in-Tube Technique in Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. II. The Three-Bar-Tube.- A New Photodigestion Device to Decompose Organic Matter in Water.- Determination of Cadmium, Lead, and Thallium in Materials of the Environmental Specimen Bank Using Mass Spectrometric Isotope Dilution Analysis (MS-IDA).- Atmosphere and Deposition.- The Application of Receptor Models for Aerosol Source Analysis — A Review (in German).- Sensitive Remote and in situ Detection of Air Pollutants by Laser Light Absorption Measurements.- Quantitative Studies on Asbestos Pollution with a Combination of Light and Electron Microscopy.- Microvolumetric Determination of Inorganic and Organic Sulphur in Airborne Particles (in German).- New Findings on Metallic Pollutants in the Air (in German).- An Instrument for the Spectroscopic Measurement of Trace Substances in the Atmosphere (in German).- Studies on the Deposition of Acid and of Ecotoxic Heavy Metals with Precipitates from the Atmosphere.- Electrochemical Gas-Analyser for SO2 in Waste Gas (in German).- Multielement Analysis of Aerosol Samples by X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis with Totally Reflecting Sample Holders (in German).- Chemiluminescence Technique for Detecting Sulphur Dioxide in the ppt-Range (in German).- Ion Chromatography in Precipitation (in German).- Gas Analysis with IR-Diode Laser Spectrometers.- Monitoring of Trace Element Deposition by Means of Mosses.- Determination of Trace Amounts of Hydrogen Chloride and Chloride by GC or AAS.- Measurements of Nitrogen Oxides at ppt Levels by Chemiluminescence with O3 (in German).- Inland Waters.- Interactions Between Dissolved and Solid Metal Species in Inland Waters (in German).- Studies on Sediments of the Upper Area of the River Lahn: Determination of Mercury and Evaluation of the Results by Factor Analysis (in German).- Mass-Spectrometric Determination of Traces of Nitrate in Waters (in German).- Indirect Trace Determination of NTA in Natural Waters by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry.- Determination of Nitrate and Nitrite in Water by HPLC with Amperometric Detection.- Cadmium and Lead in the Biological Sewage Treatment — Respiration Measurements with Gas-Sensitive Electrodes (in German).- Freshwater Molluscs as Accumulation Indicators for Monitoring Heavy Metal Pollution.- Sea Water.- Benthic Chamber Chemistry.- Possibilities for Misinterpretation in ASV-Speciation Studies of Natural Waters.- Determination of Very Low Levels of Mercury in Sea Water (North Sea, Baltic Sea, Northern North Atlantic Ocean) (in German).- Evaluation of a Pyrolytic Carbon Film Electrode for Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry.- Soils and Sewage Sludges.- Analytical Diagnosis of Soil Pollution with Heavy Metals.- Element Species Analysis in Soil Solutions by Gel Chromatography and Chemical Reaction Detectors (in German).- Nitrate in Drinking Water of Wine-Growing Areas — an Ion-Chromatographic Study (in German).- Determination of Heavy Metal Content of Municipal Wastes (in German).- Comparing Determination of Elements in an Ombrogenic and a Minerogenic System (in German).- Application of Photon Activation Analysis to the Determination of the Distribution of Toxic Elements in Soil of a Sewage Farm.- Comparison of Continuous-Flow (CFA) and Flow-Injection (FIA) Techniques for the Photometric Determination of Traces of Aluminium in Water and Soil Samples (in German).- Biotic Materials.- Significance of Heavy Metals in Human Toxicology (in German).- Determination of Urinary Cadmium Excretion as Diagnostic Procedure to Evaluate Cadmium Exposure of Inhabitants of a Polluted Quarter of Stadskanaal.- Determination of Zinc in Platelets by INAA and AAS (in German).- Linkage of Analytical and Epidemiological Data to Evaluate Sources and Pathways of Exposure to Toxic Metals in the General Population (in German).- Changes of Trace Element Concentrations of Human Tissues and Body Fluids due to Therapeutic and Diagnostic Treatment.- Direct Determination of Cadmium in Human Organs by Zeeman-AAS. A post mortem Examination (in German).- Multielement Analysis with ET-AAS within the Scope of the Environmental Specimen Bank for Human Tissues Muenster (in German).- Quantitative Determination of Heavy Metals by HPLC in Biological Material after Chelate Extraction (in German).- Possibilities for the Determination of Lead Tetraalkyls in Different Matrices (in German).- Examinations on the Suitability of Different Types of Samples as Indicators for Heavy Metal Pollution (in German).- Mercury Traces in Must and Wine (in German).- Determination of Mercury in Fish Using Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry.- Trace Determination of Heavy Metals in Human Bones — Problems in their Analysis and Result Interpretation (in German).- Voltammetric Determination of Heavy Metals in the Meat and Organs of Cattle (in German).- Rapid and Reliable Determination of Elevated Blood Lead Levels.- Analysis of Standardized Poplar Leaf Samples to Control the Burdening of the Environment by Persistant Pollutants (in German).