Environmental Geophysics: A Practical Guide

ISBN-13: 9783642851438 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 173 str.

Dieter Vogelsang

Opis

Applied geophysics were developed to explore the raw materials needed by civilization. Today it is used to investigate the extent and nature of buried contaminated waste and leachates.
The book describes in detail, yet in a simple language, possibilities, advantages and shortcomings of geophysical methods. Case histories from the US and all over the world are discussed and richly illustrated, and cost estimates for geophysical surveys and criteria for the choice of methods and the compilation of tenders are provided.
The book will enable engineers, scientists and lawyers to appraise the possibilities of geophysics in the assessment of environmental risks.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Targets.- 1.2 Fundamentals.- 1.3 Preconditions.- 1.4 Cooperation.- 2 Methods.- 2.1 Geomagnetic Methods.- 2.1.1 Geomagnetic Ground Surveys.- 2.1.2 Aeromagnetic Surveys.- 2.2 Geoelectric Methods.- 2.2.1 Direct-Current Methods.- 2.2.2 Electromagnetic Methods.- 2.3 Seismic Methods.- 2.3.1 General.- 2.3.2 Seismic Refraction.- 2.3.3 Air-Acoustic Seismics.- 2.3.4 Seismic Reflection.- 2.4 Gravity.- 2.5 Geothermometry.- 2.6 Well Logging.- 2.6.1 General.- 2.6.2 Logging Methods.- 2.6.3 Percussion Probing.- 2.7 Radioactivity.- 2.8 Isotope Hydrology.- 3 Case Histories.- 3.1 Abandoned Hazardous Sites.- 3.1.1 Preconditions.- 3.1.2 Geomagnetics.- 3.1.3 Geoelectric DC Methods.- 3.1.4 Electromagnetic Methods (EM).- 3.1.5 Seismics.- 3.1.6 Gravity.- 3.1.7 Geothermy.- 3.1.8 Radiometry.- 3.2 New Disposal Sites.- 3.2.1 General.- 3.2.2 Horizontal Stratification.- 3.2.3 Steep Dipping Structures.- 3.2.4 Nuclear Repositories.- 4 Costs of Geophysical Surveys.- 4.1 Cost Structures.- 4.2 Comparison of Geophysical Expenditures.- 5 Briefing for Geophysical Surveys.- 5.1 Areas of Application.- 5.2 Objectives and Limitations.- 5.3 Planning and Execution of Investigations.- 5.3.1 Choice of Methods.- 5.3.2 Necessary Experience.- 5.3.3 Preparations.- 5.3.4 Evaluation and Interpretation.- 5.3.5 Follow-up Activities.- 5.4 Combination of Geophysical Methods.- 5.5 Research and Development.- 6 Geophysical Tenders.- 6.1 Procedures.- 6.2 Call for Tenders.- 6.2.1 Preparation.- 6.2.2 Field Work.- 6.2.3 Evaluation.- 7 List and Origin of Figures and Tables.- 7.1 List of Figures.- 7.2 List of Tables.- 8 References.- 9 Index.