Environmental Costs and Benefits of Transgenic Crops

ISBN-13: 9781402032479 / Angielski / Twarda / 2005 / 269 str.

J. H. H. Wesseler

Opis

Concern about the environmental impacts of transgenic crops is one of the major reasons for the EU's quasi-moratorium on GMOs. The contributions in this book show that the economic implications of these concerns are far-reaching and complex. They range from the farm level to research and technology development on the one side and consumer reactions on the other side, and influence not only government response but also international trade and public and private incentives for R&D. Each contribution includes a comment, which raises questions that need further investigation. A summary of the questions in research topics concludes the contributions. The book will be of interests for policy makers as well as scholars working in established areas of social and natural sciences with an interest in the complex issues related to the release of transgenic crops.

Spis treści

Contents Preface 1. Environmental costs and benefits of transgenic crops: Introduction 1 Justus Wesseler (The Netherlands) 2a. Environmental effects of genetically modified crops: differentiated risk assessment and management 7 David Ervin and Rick Welsh (USA) 2b. Comment on Ervin and Welsh: Environmental effects of genetically modified crops: differentiated risk assessment and management 31 Willem Stiekema (The Netherlands) 3a. Assessing the environmental impact of changes in pesticide use on transgenic crops 33 Gijs Kleter and Harry Kuiper (The Netherlands) 3b. Comment on Kleter and Kuiper: Environmental fate and impact considerations related to the use of transgenic crops 45 Terrence Hurley (USA) 4a. Biological limits on agricultural intensification: an example from resistence management 47 Ramanan Laxminarayan and David Simpson (USA) 4b. Comment on Laxminarayan and Simpson: Biological limits on agricultural intensification: an example from resistance management 61 Claudio Soregaroli (Italy) 5a. Stability of pathogen-derived Potato virus Y resistance in potato under field conditions and some aspects of their ecological impact 63 Jörg Schubert (Germany), Jaroslav Matoušek (Czech Republic) and Patrick Supp (Germany) 5b. Comment on Schubert, Matoušek and Supp: Stability of pathogen-derived Potato virus Y resistance in potato under field conditions and some aspects of their ecological impact 79 Ramanan Laxminarayan (USA) 6a. Bacillus thuringiensis resistance management: experiences from the USA 81 Terrence Hurley (USA) 6b. Comment on Hurley: Bacillus thuringiensis resistance management: experiences from theUSA 95 Rick Welsh (USA) 7a. Gene flow from crops to wild plants and its population-ecological consequences in the context of GM-crop biosafety, including some recent experiences with lettuce 97 Clements van de Wiel, Mirella Groot and Hans den Nijs (The Netherlands) 7b. Comment on Van de Wiel, Groot and Den Nijs: Gene flow from crop to wild plants and its population-ecological consequences in the context of GM-crop biosafety, including some recent experiences from lettuce 111 Sara Scatasta (The Netherlands) 8a. Irreversible costs and benefits of transgenic crops: what are they? 113 Matty Demont (Belgium), Justus Wesseler (The Netherlands) and Eric Tollens (Belgium) 8b. Comment on Demont, Wesseler and Tollens: Irreversible costs and benefits of transgenic crops: what are they? 123 Meira Hanson (Israel) 9a. Ex post evidence on adoption of transgenic crops: US soybeans 125 Robert Weaver (USA) 9b. Comment on Weaver: Ex post evidence on adoption of transgenic crops: US soybeans 141 Wim Heijman (The Netherlands) 10a. Spatial and temporal dynamics of gene movements arising from deployment of transgenic crops 143 Chris Gilligan (UK), David Claessen (The Netherlands) and Frank van den Bosch (Switzerland) 10b. Comment on Gilligan, Claessen and Van den Bosch: Spatial and temporal dynamics of gene movements arising from deployment of transgenic crops 163 Ekko van Ierland (The Netherlands) 11a. Minimum distance requirements and liability: implications for co-existence165 Claudio Soregaroli (Italy) and Justus Wesseler (The Netherlands) 11b. Comment on Soregaroli and Wesseler: Minimum distance requirements and liability: implications for co-existence 183 Volker Beckmann (Germany) 12