Energy Master Planning Toward Net Zero Energy Resilient Public Communities Guide

ISBN-13: 9783030958329 / Angielski / Twarda / 2022

Alexander Zhivov

Opis

Best practices from around the world have proven that holistic Energy Master Planning can be the key to identifying cost-effective solutions for energy systems that depend on climate zone, density of energy users, and local resources. Energy Master Planning can be applied to various scales of communities, e.g., to a group of buildings, a campus, a city, a region, or even an entire nation.
Although the integration of the energy master planning into the community master planning process may be a challenging task, it also provides significant opportunities to support energy efficiency and community resilience by increasing budgets for investments derived from energy savings, by providing more resilient and cost-effective systems, by increasing comfort and quality of life, and by stimulating local production, which boosts local economies.
The Guide is designed to provide a valuable information resource for those involved in community planning: energy systems engineers, architects, energy managers, and building operators. Specifically, this Guide was developed to support the application of the Energy Master Planning process through the lens of best practices and lessons learned from case studies from around the globe. The Guide introduces concepts and metrics for energy system resilience methodologies, and discusses business and financial models for Energy Master Plans implementation. This information can help planners to establish objectives and constraints for energy planning and to select and apply available technologies and energy system architectures applicable to their diverse local energy supply and demand situations.
This Guide is a result of research conducted under the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy in Buildings and Communities (EBC) Program Annex 73 and the US Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) project EW18-5281 to support the planning of Low Energy Resilient Public Communities process that is easy to understand and execute.

Spis treści

Part 1. Executive Summary overview for decision makers (< 10 p.)

Part 2.  Community Energy Planning –

1.       Introduction and lessons learned from best practices

2.       Energy Planning as a Part of the Community Master Plan

3.       Methodology of Energy planning process (Subtask D)

a.       Establishing planning boundaries and scope of energy planning

b.      Stakeholder goals for energy, resilience, and financial targets

c.       Blue sky analysis

                                                               i.      Baseline and gap analysis: required data, methods of data collection and tools

                                                             ii.      Base Case – connecting with master plan, gap analysis, and financial base

                                                            iii.      Developing alternative scenarios

d.      Black-sky analysis

                                                               i.      Mission Criticality Assessment

                                                             ii.      Threat assessment

                                                            iii.      Mission critical loads and energy resiliency metrix

                                                           iv.      Resiliency analysis and gap evaluation

1.       Baseline

2.       Base Case

3.       Developing alternatives

                                                             v.      and derivation of community energy, resilience, and financial action plan

e.      Comparing Alternatives

f.        Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

g.       Implementation strategy for energy and resilience projects with financial planning

 

                5. Establishing Energy Goals, Objectives and Constraints for Energy Planning Process

a.    How to find realistic energy goals

b.    Stakeholders: visions, targets, constraints

c.     Economic frame conditions (site development plans, energy price structures etc.)
d.   Sustainability criteria

e.   Requirements from mission critical operations
d.    National legal framework (spatial planning etc.) to be considered in the energy design of communities

6.  Data required for energy master planning

a.       Sources of information, tools

b.      Local Potentials (energy conservation, energy efficiency, renewables)

7.  Integrating Resilience into the Energy Master Planning Framework

a.       Introduction

b.      Measuring and Improving Resilience

c.       Integration of Reliability-Focused Planning

d.      Identify Critical Functions

e.      Selection and Application of Threats

f.        Calculating Baseline Resilience

g.       Design and Analyze Base Case Resilience

h.      Plan and Analyze Alternative Conceptual Designs

i.         Alternative Designs

j.        Aggregate Blue-Sky and Resilience Metrics for Each Design

 

8.       Technologies and systems architectures for Baseline, Base Case and Alternatives

a.       Electrical Systems

b.      Thermal Systems

9.        Energy performance calculation method of complex energy systems

a.       Introduction

b.      Overview of Other Tools

c.       Need for a Tool and Unique Contributions

d.      Conceptual Overview

e.      Conceptual Core

f.        Discrete Event System Specification

g.       Example Analyses and Comparisons

h.      Quality assurance of the modeling process and results:
-strategies to provide realistic modeling results
- KPIs for quality check during implementation process (Subtask F)

10.   Multi criteria analysis of alternatives and scenario selection (Subtask E results):
Integrating economic, energy and resiliency targets

11.   Scenario selection and long-term energy strategy (the ‘Local Energy Action Plan’ - LEAP)

a.       Advanced Life Cycle cost analysis for selected projects as subset of the LEAP

b.      Quality assurance concept

c.       Implementation plan
- responsibilities
- trajectory of actions
- investment and turnover structures

Appendixes

A         National and international energy targets and goals (Subtask A results)

B          Requirements to energy systems from representative mission critical operations
(Subtask A results)

C          Case Studies Summary (Subtask B results)

D         Database of thermal and electrical technologies for distributed and central energy systems (conversion, distribution, storage) (Subtask C results)

E          Best practices of energy systems architecture (generic schematics of x (ca. 25) representative scenarios) (Subtask C results)

F          Up-to Date energy planning tools for use in practical projects for different planning phases (pre-planning phase, concept phase, design phase) à Subtask C and E results
- purpose
- results
- data input required

G         Energy resilience and methods of its evaluation (Subtask C results)

            - Energy systems under different threats (Subtask A results)

            - International maps with predominant natural threats (Subtask A results)

H         Information required for Energy and Resilience Planning (Subtask D)

J           Business and financial models for implementation of energy systems, risk analysis
(Subtask F results)

 

O autorze

Dr. Alexander Zhivov is a senior research engineer responsible for Army-wide facilities energy strategic planning leading to implementation of new HVAC systems, distributed generation technologies, renewable energy, heating plant modernizations, building commissioning processes, and modeling and analysis tools for installation operations. Develop the framework and concepts of a secure, reliable, and efficient Army installation energy strategy and supporting implementation programs. Dr. Zhivov is a Fellow and Life member of the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers and holds a Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering and an MBA degree.

More than 50 subject matter experts from Australia, Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Norway, United Kingdom and the United States of America substantially contributed to the content of the Guide under the International Energy Agency Energy in Buildings and Communities Program Annex 73 and the US Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program projects.