Enclosed Experimental Ecosystems and Scale: Tools for Understanding and Managing Coastal Ecosystems

ISBN-13: 9780387767680 / Angielski / Miękka / 2009 / 222 str.

Petersen, John E.

Opis

Enclosed ecosystem experiments have gained in popularity as research tools in ecological science, particularly in the study of coastal aquatic environments. These systems provide scientists with a degree of experimental control that is not achievable through field experiments. Yet to date, techniques for systematically extrapolating results from small-scale experimental ecosystems to larger, deeper, more open, more biologically diverse, and more heterogeneous ecosystems in nature have not been well developed. Likewise, researchers have lacked methods for comparing and extrapolating information among natural ecosystems that differ in scale. Enclosed Experimental Ecosystems and Scale: Tools for Understanding and Managing Coastal Ecosystems provides scientists, managers, and policy makers with an introduction to what has been termed the "problem of scale," and presents information that will allow for improved design and interpretation of enclosed experimental aquatic ecosystems. The book integrates the results of a 10-year research project involving a multi-disciplinary team of scientists and students to explore scale-related questions in a variety of coastal habitats. Anticipating use as a reference, the book has been designed so that individual sections and individual pages can function as stand alone units. Experimental ecosystems represent a potentially powerful tool for testing and expanding our understanding of the mechanisms that drive ecological dynamics in the coastal zone. The information contained within the pages of this book is intended to help practitioners make the most of this promising approach to ecological research.

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"This gem of a book deals with both experimentation and theory as applied to the ecology of coastal systems, covering broad scales of space, time, and complexity. ... The work's prose is succinct and clear, and the figures are abundant and beautifully rendered with lots of color. This comprehensive, practical guide will be valuable to students and researchers who are studying or managing coastal ecosystems. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduate through professional collections." (P. R. Pinet, Choice, Vol. 47 (1), September, 2009)

"It provides a nice practical guide for mesocosm users, and would thus be a worth-while purchase for ecologists planning mesocosm experiments, especially in temperate coastal systems. ... offers plenty of material to interest even the most seasoned mesocosm user. ... The use of nontechnical language, lucid illustrations, and a summary style render the volume imminently readable for levels ranging from keen undergraduates planning to honors project to experienced professional ecologists." (John N. Griffin and Brian R. Silliman, The Quarterly Review of Biology, Vol. 85 (3), September, 2010)

Spis treści

Preface

Introduction and Background: Coastal ecosystems, management, and research.- Concepts of scale in ecology.- Mesocosms and scaling patterns.- Using mesocosms to study the effects of scale.- Designing Experimental Ecosystem Studies:  General principles.- Temporal and spatial scaling.- Mixing and flow.- Materials exchange.- Light.- Walls.- Temperature.- Physical and biological complexity.- Aquatic grasses.- Marshes.- Sediments.- Chemistry.- Tools for Design and Analysis of Experiments: The world is variable.- Dimensional analysis.- Modeling tools.- Applications: Benthic organisms.- Nutrient enrichment and trophic efficiency.- Aquatic grasses, nutrients, and suspended sediments.- Index.

Blurb

The environmental challenges now facing humanity, ranging from climate change to urbanization to invasive species to agricultural and industrial pollutants are particularly acute in the coastal zone. Research in this region and in other aquatic ecosystems is complicated by interactions that occur over broad scales of time, space, and ecological complexity. Enclosed experimental ecosystems (mesocosms and microcosms) have become critical research tools because they provide a degree of control not achievable through field experiments. Yet to date, techniques for systematically extrapolating results from small-scale experimental ecosystems to larger, more open, more biodiverse, and more heterogeneous ecosystems in nature have not been well developed. This book is designed to provide scientists, resource managers and students with a comprehensive and practical guide and reference for improving the design and interpretation of research conducted in experimental ecosystems.