Electron Liquids

ISBN-13: 9783642803949 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 317 str.

Akira Isihara

Opis

Several years have passed since the first edition of this book was published. During this period, significant developments in the study of electron systems have taken place, especially in the areas ofhigh-Tc superconductivity and the quantized Hall effect. These developments, and such fascinating subjects as crystallization and the stability of matter are included in the second edition. Bardstown, KY A.Isiham June 1997 Preface to the First Edition The study of electronic properties reveals a common basis for a variety of sys tems, including gaseous plasmas, ionic solutions, metals, and semiconductors. This study started with one-electron properties in free space, as discussed in solid-state books. However, significant progress has been made recently in more realistic and complicated cases with interactions, confinements, impu rities, and fields. Moreover, the recent discoveries of the quantum Hall effect, high-Tc superconductors, and localization phenomena, along with the intr duction of low-dimensional materials have opened new areas and have led to a tremendous number of articles in existing journals and even new specialized journals. This book has been written to provide a new, comprehensive review on electronic properties in such diverse areas and materials."

Spis treści

1. General Description of Electron Systems.- 1.1 Classification of Electron Systems.- 1.2 Low-Dimensional Electron Systems.- 1.2.1 Two-Dimensional Electron Systems.- 1.2.2 One-Dimensional Electron Systems.- 1.3 Characteristic Lengths.- 1.4 Fermi Liquid Theory.- 1.5 Tight Binding, Anderson and Hubbard Models.- 2. Dielectric Function.- 2.1 RPA Dielectric Function.- 2.2 Beyond the RPA.- 2.2.1 Monte Carlo Calculations.- 2.2.2 Hubbard’s Attempt.- 2.2.3 Phenomenological Consideration of ?(q,?).- 2.2.4 Self-Consistent Approach.- 2.2.5 Excess Energy.- 2.3 Plasmon Dispersion.- 3. One-Component Plasmas at High Temperatures.- 3.1 ? and ? Series.- 3.2 Quantum Effects at High Temperatures.- 3.3 Short-Distance Correlations.- 4. Low Temperature Plasmas.- 4.1 Asymptotic Correlations.- 4.1.1 Long-Distance Correlations and the Eflect of Impurities.- 4.1.2 Ladder Diagram Contribution.- 4.2 Correlation Energy in Three Dimensions.- 4.2.1 Ideal Gas Contribution.- 4.2.2 First-Order Exchange Contribution.- 4.2.3 Ring Diagram Contribution.- 4.2.4 Direct Calculation of the Ring Energy.- 4.2.5 Second-Order Exchange Contribution.- 4.2.6 Correlation Energy.- 4.3 Correlation Energy of 2D Electrons.- 5. Electron-Hole Liquids.- 5.1 Excitons.- 5.2 Phase Diagram.- 5.3 2D Electron-Hole Plasma.- 6. Correlation in a Magnetic Field.- 6.1 Spatial Correlation in a Magnetic Field.- 6.2 Magnetic Response in Three Dimensions.- 6.2.1 Exchange Effect at High Temperatures.- 6.2.2 Ideal Electron Gas at Low Temperatures.- 6.2.3 Exchange Effects at Low Temperatures.- 6.2.4 Correlation Effects.- 6.2.5 Local Field Correction.- 6.3 Effective g-Factor in Si Inversion Layers.- 6.4 Coulomb Effects on 2D de Haas-van Alphen Oscillations.- 6.4.1 Chemical Potential.- 6.4.2 Exchange Effect.- 6.4.3 Correlation Contribution.- 6.4.4 de Haas-van Alphen Oscillations.- 6.5 Field Induced SDW States of 1D Conductors.- 7. Electronic Specific Heat.- 7.1 Correlation Effects.- 7.1.1 Lidiard Approximation.- 7.1.2 Exchange and Correlation Effects.- 7.1.3 Specific Heat of 2D Electrons.- 7.2 Magnetothermal Effect in Two Dimensions.- 7.3 Heavy Fermions.- 8. Magnetoconductivity in Two Dimensions.- 8.1 Magnetoconductivity of 2D Electrons.- 8.2 Memory Function Formalism.- 8.3 Anomalous Cyclotron Resonance.- 9. Localization.- 9.1 Anderson Localization and Scaling.- 9.2 Weak Localization.- 9.2.1 Interference Effect.- 9.2.2 Magnetic Field Effects.- 9.3 Interaction Effect.- 10. Hopping, Percolation and Conductance Fluctuations.- 10.1 Hopping and Percolation.- 10.2 Universal Conductance Fluctuations in 1D Systems.- 10.3 Conductance of TTF/TCNQ.- 11. High-Tc Superconductivity.- 11.1 Electron Pairing in BCS Theory.- 11.2 Properties of High-Tc Superconductors.- 11.2.1 2-1-4 Compounds.- 11.2.2 1-2-3 Compounds.- 11.2.3 Copperless Oxides.- 11.2.4 Characteristic Properties.- 11.3 Theoretical Consideration.- 12. Integral Quantum Hall Effect.- 12.1 Quantization of Hall Conductivity of 2D Electrons.- 12.2 Localization and Scaling.- 12.3 Theoretical Interpretation.- 13. Fractional Quantum Hall Effect.- 13.1 Experimental Results.- 13.2 Ground State of the FQHE.- 13.3 Elementary Excitations and Off-Diagonal Long Range Order.- 14. Phase Transition and Stability of Matter.- 14.1 Crystallization.- 14.2 Properties of an Electron Lattice.- 14.3 Stability of Matter.- A. Appendix.- A.l Pair Distribution Function.- A.2 Classical and Quantum Chains.- A.3 Ring Diagram Formulas.- A.4 Density Functional Approach.- References.

Blurb

Electron Liquids discusses newly discovered unusual electronic phenomena in diverse systems, with emphasis on electron correlations. The topics covered include: ð the quantum Hall effect ð high-Tc superconductivity ð electronðhole liquids ð localization ð conductance fluctuations ð 1D organic conductors This second edition has been enlarged by the inclusion of the significant developments in the study of electron systems that have taken place since the publication of the first edition, especially in the areas of high-Tc superconductivity and the quanitzed Hall effect. Also included are such fascinating subjects as crystallization and the stability of matter.