Electrical Conductivity I / Elektrische Leitungsphänomene I

ISBN-13: 9783642620416 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 411 str.

S. Flugge

Opis

191 Apart from numerous difficulties arising from the high pressure technique as such, there is a natural limitation to the possibility of applying a hydrostatic pressure, since liquids under pressure will solidify above a certain pressure limit. 8 2 Up to pressures of 3 X 10 kg.jm. at room temperature, a liquid like isopentane can be used. For higher pressures helium gas may be used, perhaps to about 9 2 10 kg.jm., but BRIDGMAN already encountered enormous leakage difficulties 7 when using this gas at 7.10 kg.jm.2 at 90 K. A solution has been found by applying mechanical pressure for the range 8 9 2 between 3 X 10 and 10 kg.jm., by using silver chloride as transmittant. In this case, however, one has to apply unknown corrections for shearing stress and deformation of the sample, a problem which BRIDGMAN solved experimentally by a determination of the resistivity in the pressure region between 2 and 8 2 5 X 10 kg.jm., by the hydrostatic and by the mechanical pressure method as well, and applying the correction factor thus determined to the results obtained at higher pressures. Though this method seems to be right in good approximation, the data for the highest pressures are to be considered as less accurate."

Spis treści

The electronic structure of solids.- I. The periodic potential problem: General properties.- II. The periodic potential problem: Methods and results.- III. The self-consistent field.- IV. One-electron theory of properties of solids.- V. Impurity atoms and alloys.- VI. Crystalline binding energy, correlation and elastic properties.- VII. Configuration interaction and the covalent bond.- VIII. Magnetic properties of solids.- Metallic conductivity, experimental part.- I. General remarks on the conductivity of metals.- II. Methods of measurement of electrical resistance.- III. The conductivity of pure metals at normal temperatures.- IV. Temperature dependence of the conductivity of pure metals.- V. Magneto resistance effects.- VI. The effect of pressure on the resistivity.- VII. Influence of lattice defects on the resistance.- VIII. Resistivity of alloys.- a) Properties of alloys with non magnetic components.- b) Properties of magnetic alloys.- Theory of electrical and thermal conductivity in metals.- I. The properties of conduction electrons in metals.- II. Statistical theory; the steady state equation.- III. Wave mechanics of the scattering of electrons.- IV. The conductivity of impure metals and alloys.- V. Thermal and electric conduction in the presence of a temperature gradient.- VI. Conduction at low temperatures.- VII. Conduction in the presence of a magnetic field.- VIII. The anomalous skin effect.- General References.- Photoconductivity.- I. Introduction.- II. Modern theories of photoconduction in crystals.- a) Electronic energy states in crystals.- b) Electron trapping states and photoconductivity.- c) The barrier layer theory of photoconductivity.- d) Theory of the photovoltaic effect in solids.- e) The spectral dependence of photoconductivity.- f) The photo-electro-magnetic effect.- III. Photoconductivity in monatomic solids.- a) Photoconductivity in boron.- b) Photoconductivity in diamond, silicon and germanium.- c) Photoconduction in phosphorus, arsenic and antimony.- d) Photoconduction in sulphur, selenium and tellurium.- e) Photoconductivity in iodine.- f) General comments on photoconduction in monatomic solids.- IV. Photoconductivity in binary compounds.- a) The alkali halides.- b) Lead sulphide, selenide and telluride.- c) Sulphides, selenides and tellurides of zinc, cadmium and mercury.- d) Photoconduction in some oxides.- e) Photoconduction in silver and thallous halides 3.- f) Photoconductivity in intermetallic compounds.- g) Miscellaneous inorganic photoconductors.- V. Photoconductivity in organic systems.- VI. A note on the photodielectric effect in solids.- VII. Some experimental techniques in photoconduction measurements.- Sachverzeichnis (Deutsch-Englisch).- Subject Index (English-German).