Dedication; Table of Contents; Foreword: Introduction Acknowledgements; List of Tables; List of Abbreviations; Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: The Colonial Era and Its Political Legacies, 1565-1945; Chapter 3: The Postwar Clientelist Electoral Regime, 1945-1972; Chapter 4: The Institutionalization of Centralized Authoritarian Rules, 1972-1978; Chapter 5: Election and Democratization in the Marcos Era; Chapter 6: Local Democratization Struggles and National Regime Transition; Chapter 7: Conclusion; Bibliography; Interviews