Ecosystem Services, Biodiversity and Environmental Change in a Tropical Mountain Ecosystem of South Ecuador

ISBN-13: 9783642428418 / Angielski / Miękka / 2015 / 440 str.

Jorg Bendix; Erwin Beck; Achim Brauning

Opis

An interdisciplinary research unit consisting of 30 teams in the natural, economic and social sciences analyzed biodiversity and ecosystem services of a mountain rainforest ecosystem in the hotspot of the tropical Andes, with special reference to past, current and future environmental changes. The group assessed ecosystem services using data from ecological field and scenario-driven model experiments, and with the help of comparative field surveys of the natural forest and its anthropogenic replacement system for agriculture. The book offers insights into the impacts of environmental change on various service categories mentioned in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005): cultural, regulating, supporting and provisioning ecosystem services. Examples focus on biodiversity of plants and animals including trophic networks, and abiotic/biotic parameters such as soils, regional climate, water, nutrient and sediment cycles. The types of threats considered include land use and climate changes, as well as atmospheric fertilization. In terms of regulating and provisioning services, the emphasis is primarily on water regulation and supply as well as climate regulation and carbon sequestration. With regard to provisioning services, the synthesis of the book provides science-based recommendations for a sustainable land use portfolio including several options such as forestry, pasture management and the practices of indigenous peoples. In closing, the authors show how they integrated the local society by pursuing capacity building in compliance with the CBD-ABS (Convention on Biological Diversity - Access and Benefit Sharing), in the form of education and knowledge transfer for application.

Recenzje

From the book reviews:

"This book is rooted in interdisciplinary ecosystem research. It provides a plethora of information on the structure and functioning of ecosystems, based on comparative field surveys and ecological experiments in pasture and forest environments. ... The volume reflects the editors' and authors' commitment to sharing their unique experience with a broader audience. It is a fine book, an extraordinary, well-written, and well-produced synthesis of interdisciplinary work-and it educates." (Sandra Luque, Mountain Research and Development (MRD), Vol. 34 (3), August, 2014)

Spis treści

Part I Introduction

 

1 The Study Area

M. Richter, E. Beck, R. Rollenbeck, J. Bendix

 

2 Environmental Changes Affecting the Andes of Ecuador

T. Peters, T. Drobnik, H. Meyer, M. Rankl, M. Richter,

R. Rollenbeck, B. Thies, J. Bendix

 

3 The Challenges of Sustainable Development in the Podocarpus-El Cóndor Biosphere Reserve

J. Barkmann, S. Eichhorn, B. Maza, F. v. Walter, R. Olschewski

 

4 The Concept of Ecosystem Services and its Application in the Research Unit RU 816

J. Barkmann, B.M. Hillmann, R. Marggraf

 

Part II Current Situation of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

 

5 Landscape History, Vegetation History and Past Human Impacts

F. Rodriguez, A. Bräuning, A. Gerique, H. Behling, F. Volland

 

6 Past Dynamics of Speciation in Andean Mountain Rainforests

K. Fiedler, P. Strutzenberger

 

7 Diversity in Soil Fungi and Invertebrates

M.C. Rillig, T. Camenzind, J. Gawlik, I. Haug, V. Krashevska, M. Maraun, D. Sandmann, S. Scheu

 

8 Plant Diversity and its Relevance for the Provision of Ecosystem Services

J. Homeier, F.A. Werner, J. Gawlik, T. Peters, K.-H. J. Diertl, M. Richter

 

9 Supporting, Regulating and Provisioning Hydrological Services

L. Breuer, D. Windhorst, A. Fries, W. Wilcke

 

10 The Carbon Balance of Tropical Mountain Forests Along an Altitudinal Transect

C. Leuschner, A. Zach, G. Moser, J. Homeier, S. Graefe, D. Hertel, B. Wittich, N. Soethe, S. Iost, M. Röderstein, V. Horna, K. Wolf

 

11 Current Regulating and Supporting Services: Nutrient Cycles

W. Wilcke, J. Boy, U. Hamer, K. Potthast, R. Rollenbeck, C. Valarezo

 

12 Natural Landslides which impact Current Regulating Services: Environmental Preconditions and Modelling

J. Bendix, C. Dislich, A. Huth, B. Huwe, M. Ließ, B. Schröder, B. Thies, P. Vorpahl, J. Wagemann, W. Wilcke

 

13 Conservation, Management of Natural Forests and Reforestation of Pastures to Retain and Restore Current Provisioning Services

M. Weber, B. Stimm, M.F. López, A. Gerique, P. Pohle, P. Hildebrandt, T. Knoke, X. Palomeque, B. Calvas, S. Günter, N. Aguirre, D. Kübler

 

14 Mycorrhiza Networks Promote Biodiversity and Stabilize the Tropical Mountain Rain Forest Ecosystem – Perspectives for Understanding Complex Communities

I. Kottke, S. Setaro, I. Haug, P. Herrera, D. Cruz, A. Fries, J. Gawlik, J. Homeier, F. Werner, A. Gerique, J.P. Suárez

 

15 Current Provisioning Services: Pasture Development and Use, Weeds (Bracken) and Management

K. Roos, J. Bendix, G. Curatola, J. Gawlik, A. Gerique, U. Hamer, P. Hildebrandt, T. Knoke, H. Meyer, P. Pohle, K. Potthast, B. Thies, A. Tischer, E. Beck

 

16 Current Provisioning Ecosystem Services for the Local Population: Landscape Transformation, Land Use, and Plant Use

P. Pohle, A. Gerique, M.F. López, R. Spohner

 

17 Sustainable Agriculture and Conservation Payments are Key Factors in Mitigating Tropical Forest Loss

B. Calvas, T. Knoke, L.M. Castro, P. Hildebrandt, M. Weber, B. Stimm, R. Mosandl, S. Günter, N. Aguirre

 

Part III Future Environmental Changes and their Impacts on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

 

18 Climate Change Effects on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning

F.A. Werner, N. Jantz, V. Krashevska, T. Peters, H. Behling, M. Maraun, S. Scheu, G. Brehm

 

19 Global Climate Change Impacts on Local Climate and Hydrology

L. Breuer, J.-F. Exbrayat, I. Plesca, W. Buytaert, T. Ehmann, T. Peters, E. Timbe, K. Trachte, D. Windhorst

 

20 Impacts of Local Land-Use Change on Climate and Hydrology

D. Windhorst, B. Silva, T. Peters, H. Meyer, B. Thies, J. Bendix, H.-G. Frede, L. Breuer

 

21 Current and Future Variations of Nutrient Depositions and Influences on Tree Growth

R. Rollenbeck, I. Otte, P. Fabian, W. Wilcke, D. Pucha Cofrep, A. Bräuning, J. Bendix

 

22 Nutrient Additions Affecting Matter Turnover in Forest and Pasture Ecosystems

U. Hamer, K. Potthast, W. Wilcke, H. Wullaert, C. Valarezo, D. Sandmann, M. Maraun, S. Scheu, J. Homeier

 

23 Effects of Nutrient Addition on the Productivity of Montane Forests and Implications for the Carbon Cycle

J. Homeier, C. Leuschner, A. Bräuning, N.L. Cumbicus, D. Hertel, G.O. Martinson, S. Spannl, E. Veldkamp

 

24 Climate Change and its Impact on Current and Future Vegetation Dynamics and Carbon Cycling

B. Silva, C. Dislich, I. Voss, K. Roos, R. Scheibe, P. Vorpahl, B. Schröder, A. Huth, E. Beck, J. Bendix

 

25 Sustainable Use of Tropical Forests: A Plea for a Landscape View

T. Knoke, B. Calvas, P. Hildebrandt, M. Weber, B. Stimm, S. Günter, N. Aguirre, R. Mosandl

 

26 Future Provisioning Services: Repasturisation of Abandoned Pastures, Problems and Pasture

Management

E. Beck, J. Bendix, B. Silva, R. Rollenbeck, L. Lehnert, U. Hamer, K. Potthast, A. Tischer, K. Roos

 

Part IV Synopsis

 

27 Towards a Sustainable Land Use Portfolio

E. Beck, J. Bendix

 

28 Knowledge Transfer for Conservation and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources – a Case Study from Southern Ecuador

S. Günter, B. Calvas, T. Lotz, J. Bendix, R. Mosandl

 

29 The Role of Biodiversity Research for the Local Scientific Community

P. Pohle, M.F. López, E. Beck, J. Bendix