Economic--Environmental--Energy Interactions: Modeling and Policy Analysis

ISBN-13: 9780898380231 / Angielski / Twarda / 1980 / 198 str.

T. R. Lakshmanan

Opis

This publication is concerned with two major current debates in public policy in all affluent societies. One is the widespread concern with the quality of the natural environment-the quality of air, water, land, and wilderness areas-which has expressed itself in the passage and implementation in recent years of a variety of environmental laws and regulations. A second debate concerns the adequacy of energy resources to meet the requirements of a growing economy. The requirement that industries must abate environmental pollution leads to increased costs of production and, in turn, to higher prices, falling output in those industries, and reduced employment and income in the region where such industries are located. There may be, at the same time, growth in indus- tries that supply pollution abatement equipment and services in those or other regions. Over time, the health and economic benefits of higher envi- ronmental quality express themselves in changing patterns of consumption.

Spis treści

1. Integrated Models for Economic-Energy-Environmental Impact Analysis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Evolution of Economic-Energy-Environmental Modelling.- 3. SEAS: An Integrated Economic-Environmental-Energy Model.- 3.1 General.- 3.2 National Economic Subsystem.- 3.3 National Environmental Subsystem.- 3.4 Regional Environmental Subsystem.- 3.5 Energy Subsystem.- 3.6 Raw Material Subsystem.- 3.7 Concluding Remarks.- 4. An Application of SEAS.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Economic Effects.- 4.3 Environmental Effects.- 4.4 Concluding Comments.- 5. Notes.- 6. References.- 2. Operational Methods for Strategic Environmental and Energy Policies.- 1. Introduction.- 2. An Integrated Input-Output Model with Energy and Pollution.- 3. Price Effects and Technology Shifts.- 4. Composite Scenarios for Long-term Environmental and Energy Policies.- 5. Applications.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. Appendix: Preliminary Estimates of the Parameters of the Translog Price Possibility Frontier.- 8. Notes.- 9. References.- 3. Costs and Benefits of Water Pollution Control.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods.- 3. Results.- 3.1 Emissions and Regional Damages.- 3.2 Control Costs, Damage Costs, and Benefits.- 4. The Gains from Additional Information.- 5. Implications and Conclusions.- 6. Notes.- 7. References.- 4. Long-Run Energy Policies in an Economic Setting.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Preliminary Thoughts.- 2.1 Energy as a Production Factor.- 2.2 Energy Price and Level of Knowledge.- 2.3 An Analytical Model.- 2.4 Provisional Conclusion: Testing of Raw Material Models Required.- 3. Further Investigations.- 3.1 Economics of Alternative Energy Sources.- 3.2 A Simple Model.- 3.3 A One-period Horizon Programming Model.- 3.4 A Two-period Transition Model.- 4. Prices Revisited.- 4.1 Prices of Raw Materials.- 4.2 Compensating for Price Increases.- 4.3 Measures Against Inflation.- 4.4 A Model.- 5. Conclusions.- 6. Notes.- 7. References.- 5. An Integrated Interregional Model for Pollution Control.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Multidimensional Welfare Profiles.- 3. An Integrated Interregional Model of Production and Pollution.- 4. Interactive Compromise Policy Models.- 5. An Empirical Illustration of an Interactive Compromise Model.- 6. Concluding Remarks.- 7. Notes.- 8. References.- 6. The Environmental Impact Issues in Energy Development in the United States.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The 1977 ERDA National Plan.- 3. To the Present.- 4. EDP System.- 5. EDP Contents and Procedures.- 6. Technology Descriptions.- 7. Identification of Environmental Concerns.- 8. Determination of Significance of Environmental Concerns.- 9. Technology Assessment.- 10. Summary and Conclusions.- 11. Notes.- 7. Dutch Energy Policies for the Future.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Energy Supply and Energy Policy in the Netherlands.- 3. Availability and Security of Supply.- 4. Feasibility of Application.- 5. Economics of Energy Sources.- 6. Environmental Impact and Risks of the Source.- 7. The Energy Mix Policy: Spreading Negative Effects.- 8. Guideline for Future Energy Policy.- 8.1 Natural Gas.- 8.2 Coal.- 8.3 Nuclear.