1. Introduction; 1.1. Concepts of stochastic dominance; 1.2. Applications of stochastic dominance; 1.3. Outline of subsequent chapters; 2. Tests of stochastic dominance: basic results; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Null of dominance against non-dominance; 2.3. Null of non-dominance against dominance; 2.4. Null of equality against dominance; 2.5. Empirical examples; 3. Tests of stochastic dominance: further results; 3.1. SD tests with improved power; 3.2. Program evaluation and stochastic dominance; 3.3. Some issues of SD tests; 3.4. Empirical examples; 4. Stochastic dominance with covariates; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. Conditional stochastic dominance at fixed values of covariates; 4.3. Conditional stochastic dominance at all values of covariates; 4.4. Stochastic monotonicity; 4.5. Empirical examples; 5. Extensions of stochastic dominance; 5.1. Multivariate stochastic dominance; 5.2. Analysis of economic inequality and poverty; 5.3. Analysis of portfolio choice problems; 5.4. Weaker notions of stochastic dominance; 5.5. Related concepts of stochastic dominance; 6. Some further topics; 6.1. Distributional overlap measure; 6.2. Generalized functional inequalities; 6.3. Distributions with measurement errors; 6.4. SD tests with many covariates; 6.5. Robust forecasting comparisons; 7. Conclusions.