Ecological Responses at Mount St. Helens: Revisited 35 Years After the 1980 Eruption

ISBN-13: 9781493984893 / Angielski / Miękka / 2019 / 336 str.

Charles M. Crisafulli; Virginia H. Dale

Spis treści

Prologue. To Mount St. Helens

John Daniel

Preface. Charles M. Crisafulli and Virginia H. Dale 

Chapter 1. Ecological Responses to the 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens: Key Lessons and Remaining Questions

Virginia H. Dale and Charles M. Crisafulli

Chapter 2. Sediment Erosion and Delivery from Toutle River Basin After the 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens—A 30-year Perspective

Jon J. Major, Adam R. Mosbrucker, and Kurt R. Spicer

Chapter 3. Geomorphic Response of the Muddy River Basin to the 1980 Eruptions of Mount St. Helens, 1980–2000

Thomas E. Lisle, Jon J. Major, and Jasper H. Hardison

Chapter 4. The New Spirit Lake: Changes to Hydrology, Nutrient Cycling and Biological Productivity 

James E. Gawel, Charles M. Crisafulli, and Rich Miller

Chapter 5. Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, a

nd Evidence for Formation of Glomalin, a Recalcitrant Pool of Soil Organic matter, in Developing Mount St. Helens Pyroclastic Substrates 

Jonathan J. Halvorson, Kristine A. Nichols, and Charles M. Crisafulli

Chapter 6. Forest Understory Buried by Volcanic Tephra: Inertia, Resilience, and the Pattern of Community Redevelopment

Donald B. Zobel and Joseph A. Antos

Chapter 7. Primary Succession on Mount St. Helens: Rates, Determinism, and Alternative States

Roger del Moral and Jonathan H. Titus

Chapter 8. Plant Succession on the Mount St. Helens Debris-Avalanche Deposit and the Role of Non-native Species

Virginia H. Dale and Elsie M. Denton

Chapter 9. The Spread of Exotic Plant Species at Mount St. Helens: the Roles of a Road, Disturbance Type, and Post-Disturbance Management

Lindsey L. Karr, Charles M. Crisafulli, and Jeffrey J. Gerwing

Chapter 10. Lichen Community Development along a Volcanic Disturbance Gradient at Mount St. Helens

Peter R. Nelson, Bruce McCune, Tim Wheeler, Linda H. Geiser, and Charles M. Crisafulli

Chapter 11. Succession and Mycorrhizae on Mount St. Helens

Michael F. Allen, Matthew R. O’Neill, Charles M. Crisafulli, and James A. MacMahon

Chapter 12. Primary Succession on the Mount St. Helens Volcano: Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Community Assembly and Species Turnover, 1980–2010.

Robert R. Parmenter, Charles M. Crisafulli, Tara E. Blackman, Cheryl A. Parmenter, Gary L. Parsons, Danny Shpeley, and James A. MacMahon 

Chapter 13. Diversity of Large-Bodied Macroinvertebrates in Ponds Created on the Debris-Avalanche Deposit Following the 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens

Shannon M. Claeson, Charles M. Crisafulli, William J. Gerth

Chapter 14. Characteristics of a New Rainbow Trout Population: Spirit Lake, Mount St. Helens Volcano, 2000–2015

Tara E. Blackman, Charles M. Crisafulli, and Shannon M. Claeson

Chapter 15. Mammal Community Assembly during Primary Succession on the Pumice Plain at the Mount St. Helens Volcano, 1983–2015 

Charles M. Crisafulli, Robert R. Parmenter, Tara E. Blackman, and James A. MacMahon

Chapter 16. Volcano Ecology: State of the Field and Contributions of Mount St. Helens Research  

Frederick J. Swanson and Charles M. Crisafulli

Coda. Another Weather

Ursula K. Le Guin

Coda. Pearly Everlasting

Gary Snyder

O autorze

Charles M. Crisafulli is a Research Ecologist with the USDA, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. His primary research focuses on initial and longer-term ecological responses of organisms, in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, following explosive volcanism. From 1980 to present (2017) he has worked at Mount St. Helens and since 2008 he has annually conducted field research at several other contemporary eruption sites in Patagonia, Chile. His primary research themes are processes of succession and assembly of biological communities, and chiefly focus on small mammals, birds, amphibians and arthropods. He is currently engaged in expanding and testing the generality of lessons drawn from Mount St. Helens to volcanoes in other regions of the world such as South America, Asia, and Alaska, and more broadly to developing a global volcano ecology database to access the current state of the field and to develop science strategies for the future related to investig

ations of volcanically disturbed ecosystems.

Virginia H. Dale is a Corporate Fellow at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in east Tennessee. She was on the first team of biologists who entered the Red Zone at Mount St. Helens after the 1980 eruption and has been studying vegetation reestablishment there ever since. Her primary research interests are disturbance ecology, plant succession, land-use change, sustainability, and environmental decision making. She has served on national scientific advisory boards for five agencies of the United States and several committees of the National Academies of Science. She was among the members of the international science community that contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Scientific Assessment that in 2007 received the Nobel Peace Prize. In 2013, she was recognized with the Distinguished Landscape Ecologist award by the United States Regional Association of the International

Associa

tion fo

r Landscape Ecology. Her current interest is in understanding risk and resilience in a changing world.

Blurb

This book builds on existing work exploring succession, disturbance ecology, and the interface between geophysical and biological systems in the aftermath of the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. The eruption was dramatic both in the spatial extent of its impact and the range of volcanic disturbance types and intensities. Complex geophysical forces created unparalleled opportunities to study initial ecological responses and long-term succession processes that occur in response to a major contemporary eruption across a great diversity of ecosystems—lowland to alpine forests, meadows, lakes, streams, and rivers. These factors make Mount St. Helens an extremely rich environment for learning about the ecology of volcanic areas and, more generally, about ecosystem response to major disturbance of many types, including land management. Lessons about ecological recovery at Mount St. Helens are shaping thought about succession, disturbance ecology, ecosystem management, and landscape ecology.

“Explosive Mount St. Helens now rivals Krakatoa’s 1883 eruption for understanding ecological change. Researchers escaping their desks have produced top science by repeated immersion, inspiration and observation in nature. From a mountain with conspicuous heterogeneous geology, the big picture emerges, and landscape ecology’s evolving spatial patterns come alive. Bounce-back ecosystem recovery processes enrich the concepts of both resilience and ecological succession. Readers will relish the cascade of discoveries here.”
—Richard T.T. Forman, retired PAES Professor of Landscape Ecology at Harvard University

“A volcanic eruption instantly resets the ecological clock, starting a process of recovery and renewal that follows multiple pathways. The lessons gleaned from the contributions to this book apply not just to Mount St. Helens, but more broadly, to less spectacular but more frequent environmental disturbances of all sorts.”
—John A.

Wiens,

former Chief Scientist, The Nature Conservancy, and Adjunct Professor, University of Western Australia

"Research following the eruption of Mount St. Helens has helped revolutionize our thinking about how forest ecosystems respond to disturbances. Now, as demonstrated in this book, it has also become the global go-to locale for scientific information on impacts of volcanic eruptions! We are incredibly fortunate to have this latest volume summarizing science in this eruptive landscape."
—Jerry F. Franklin, Professor of Forest Ecosystems, University of Washington