Earthquakes at North-Atlantic Passive Margins: Neotectonics and Postglacial Rebound

ISBN-13: 9780792301509 / Angielski / Twarda / 1989 / 716 str.

Sren Gregersen; Soren Gregersen; Peter W. Basham

Opis

For many years, the two subjects of (1) postglacial rebound and its potential for generating earthquakes and (2) the seismicity of passive continental ml rgins have been of interest and concern to earth scientists on both sides of the North Atlantic. New data and theoretical interpretations have given rise to vigorous discussions on how much the two phenomena inter-relate and whether a significant controlling factor on seismicity in northeastern North America and Scandinavia is the crustal uplift that has been occurring since the latest ice age. The lack of a good understanding of these phenomena presented a particular problem for engineering seismologists attempting to prepare accurate seismic hazard estimates for facili ties both on land (e. g., nuclear power stations and radioactive waste repositories) and offshore (e. g., petroleum production facili ties) . The NATO Advanced Research Workshop programme provided an opportuni ty to bring together a group of relevant geophysicists, geologists and geodesists from both sides of the North Atlantic, and a workshop on "Causes and Effects of Earthquakes at Passive Margins and in Areas of Postglacial Rebound on both Sides of the North Atlantic" was held in Vordingborg, Denmark, 9-13 May 1988. The sup port of the NATO Science Committee is gratefully acknowledged."

Spis treści

Summary, conclusions and recommendations.- Origin and Structure of the Passive Margins.- Fifty Million Years of “Passive Margin” Deformation in North West Europe.- Evolution of the Arctic-North Atlantic Rift System (abstract with references).- Structure and Origin of the Passive Continental Margins of Eastern Canada.- The Geology of the East Greenland Margin.- Reactivation of Faults on the Norwegian Continental Shelf and its Implications for Earthquake Occurrence.- Postglacial Rebound and Faulting.- Glacial Isostasy in Laurentia and Fennoscandia: New Results for the Anomalous Gravitational Field.- Postglacial Uplift in Western New England: Geologic Evidence for Delayed Rebound.- The Secular Change of Gravity and the Geoid in Fennoscandia.- Extraordinary Deglaciation reverse Faulting in Northern Fennoscandia.- Geological Investigation of Late and Post Glacial Earthquake Activity in Scotland.- Neotectonic Activity in Coastal Maine: United States of America.- Crustal Stresse: Observation and Theory.- Stress Measurements and Modelling of Crustal Rock Mechanics in Fennoscandia.- Passive Margin earthquakes, stresses and rheology.- Focal Mechanisms and Crustal stresses in the Baltic Shield.- Stress Orientations in the North Sea and Fennoscandia, a Comparison to the Central European Stress Field.- Crustal Stresses in Eastern Canada.- Earthquakes and their Causes.- The Seismicity of “Stable Continental Interiors”.- Intraplate Earthquakes in Iceland.- The Seismicity of Greenland.- Seismicity and Seismotectonics of Canada’s Eastern Margin and Craton.- Seismotectonics in the Southeastern United States.- Seismotectonics and Crustal Stress in Great Britain.- Temporal Variations in North Sea Seismicity.- The Seismicity in the Continental Margin Areas of Northern Norway.- Patterns of Active Shear in Fennoscandia.- Seismodynamics and Postglacial Faulting in the Baltic Shield.- Spatial Correlation between Seismicity and Postglacial Rebound in Eastern Canada.- Earthquake Occurrence and Seismotectonics in Norway and Surrounding Areas.- Earthquakes within and near the French Western Margins.- Seismicity of the Portuguese Continental Margin.- A Comparison of the Source Mechanisms of the 1975 Laurentian Channel Earthquake and the Tsunamigenic 1929 Grand Banks Event.- Characteristic Features of Intraplate Earthquakes and the Models Proposed to Explain Them.- The Effect of Large Ice Sheets on Earthquake Genesis.- Earthquake Hazards.- Issues regarding earthquake source characterization and seismic hazard analysis within passive margins and stable continental interiors.- Seismic Hazard and Earthquake Source Parameters in the North Sea.- On the Determination of Seismic Hazards in Norwegian Continental Shelf Areas.- Problems with Seismic Hazard Assessment on the Eastern Canadian Continental Margin.- Appendix: Addresses of Participants and Additional Contributors (Co-Authors).