Earth and Gods: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Martin Heidegger

ISBN-13: 9789024701643 / Angielski / Twarda / 1969 / 328 str.

V. Vycinas

Opis

Earth and Gods is an attempt to introduce the reader to Heidegger's fully developed philosophy. The title Earth and Gods gives an im- pression of not being a general study of Heidegger's philosophy. However, this is not true - the earth and the gods are fundamental ontological symbols of his fully developed philosophy, namely, his third and final phase of thought. This phase repeats the problems of both preceding phases in a fuller and more developed manner; hence, it implies them. The two preceding phases are the phase of Dasein and the phase of Being. These two phases are a natural flow of fundamental problems which reach their final formation and development in the phase of earth and gods. Dasein (the first phase) leads to Being, and Being (the second phase) bursts into fundamental ontological powers of Being (Seinsmiichte) which are earth and sky, gods and mortals (the third phase). Since earth is unthinkable without sky and since gods are gods in the world of mortals - of men, the title Earth and Gods is an abbreviation of these four fundamental powers of Being. Hence, an investigation of earth and gods is an attempt to present Heidegger's philosophy as a whole. Such a presentation provides the reader with the background necessary for a more adequate and efficient understanding of the writings of Heidegger himself. Thus, Earth and Gods may rightly be considered an introduction to Hei- degger's philosophy.

Spis treści

Introduction: The Place of Earth and Gods in Heidegger’s Philosophy.- I. Character of Heidegger’s Philosophy.- II. Heidegger’s Problem of Being.- III. Heidegger’s Stand in the History of Philosophy.- IV. Three Phases of Heidegger’s Thought.- The first and the second phase.- The third phase.- V. Detour from Gods to Earth.- I. Dasein.- I. Approach to the Problem of Dasein.- Meaning of the word ‘Dasein’.- Question of Being.- Nature of man.- Phenomenology as ontology.- II. To-be-in-the-world.- Existence.- Character of existence.- III. To-be-in.- Dwelling.- Care-taking.- IV. World.- Surroundings.- Implement.- Disintegration of implements.- Dasein and the world.- V. Space.- Spatiality of implements.- Spatiality of Dasein.- VI. Togetherness.- Dasein as co-Dasein.- Inauthentic Dasein.- VII. Da as Openness.- Mood.- Understanding.- Parlance.- Truth.- VIII. Dread.- IX. Death.- Death and wholeness of Dasein.- Death and dread.- Death and truth.- X. Conscience.- Conscience as call of self.- Guilt.- Resoluteness.- XI. Temporality.- Temporality and forward-running resoluteness.- Temporality and intra-temporality.- Time and History.- II. Being.- I. Heidegger’s Post-Sein und Zeit Works.- II. Dasein.- Man and Being.- Dasein and Being.- Understanding of Being and Concreteness.- ‘Ec-sistence’.- III. Truth.- Correctness.- Man as source of truth.- Truth as freedom.- Truth and untruth.- IV. Thinking.- Thinking and logic.- Logos.- Thinking of truth and untruth.- Thinking as guarding.- Thinking and thanking.- Thinking as a way.- V. Language.- Language and world.- Things and words.- Words and terms.- Language and chatter.- Language and Being.- VI. Befalling and History.- Destiny.- Befalling and Being.- Question of Being and befalling.- The meaning of the word ‘philosopher’.- Thought of future.- VII. Subjectivism and Metaphysics.- World of subjectivism.- Subjectivistic character of metaphysics.- Modern subjectivism.- Overcoming of metaphysics.- VIII. Nothingness and Nihilism.- Nothingness and negation.- Nothingness and dread.- Nothingness and Being.- Nihilism.- Overcoming of nihilism.- IX. Being and Man.- Dasein as Being in man.- Being as sojourning.- Being as assemblage.- Being as a road.- III. World.- I. Problem of World in Traditional Philosophy.- II. World in the First Phase.- III. World in the Second Phase.- IV. World in the Third Phase.- IV. Earth.- I. Physis.- II. Physis and Logos.- III. Language.- IV. World and Earth.- V. Hölderlin’s Understanding of Nature.- V. Gods.- I. Olympian Deities.- Athene.- Apollo.- Artemis.- Aphrodite.- Hermes.- Gods as worlds.- II. Chthonian Religion.- III. Dionysus.- IV. Chaos.- V. Gods and Logos.- VI. Gods as Realities.- VI. Foursome.- VII. Thing.- I. Traditional Understanding of Thing.- II. Artwork as an Assembler.- III. Thing as Assembler.- IV. Subjective and Essential Understanding of Thing.- V. Thing and Space.- VI. Philosophy of Thing.- VIII. Dwelling.- I. Building and Dwelling.- II. Dwelling and Logos.- III. Poet as Prophet.- IV. Festivity.- V. Godly and Godless Man.- Appendix: Heidegger and Christianity.