Earlier and Recent Aspects of Superconductivity: Lectures from the International School, Erice, Trapani, Sicily, July 4-16, 1989

ISBN-13: 9783540534983 / Angielski / Miękka / 1991 / 529 str.

J. Georg Bednorz; K. Alex Ma1/4ller

Opis

This volume contains the lectures of "Earlier and Recent Aspects of Super- conductivity," the 18th course of the International School of Materials Science and Technology, which was held at the Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture in Erice (Sicily), Italy, July 4-16, 1989. In the wake of the discovery of high-Tc oxides many international confer- ences have been held on the subject, mainly intended for those already working in high-Tc research. Hence, the idea evolved of organizing a school dedicated to students and young scientists entering the field of superconductivity. The intention was to give a broad perspective of the field with its eight decades of research history and thus to link existing fields of knowledge and gain con- tinuity. The new high-Tc cuprates were integrated, both historically and by subject, into the field of classical superconductivity, as well as into its newer branches of heavy-fermion, organic and chalcogenide superconductors. Even the organizers and the lecturers were surprised how many cross-links became apparent between the different branches of superconductivity. The lectures have been grouped into four parts, namely: - Fundamental properties of superconductors - Coherence-length-related properties - Electronic and magnetic properties - Theoretical models The number of applications from potential participants greatly exceeded the capacity of the facilities available. Ultimately, 100 students from 25 coun- tries were selected to attend the course. The remarkable surroundings of the medieval town of Erice promoted a most stimulating but nevertheless relaxed atmosphere.

Spis treści

I Fundamental Properties of Superconductors.- Some Remarks on the History of Superconductivity (With 21 Figures).- Electronic Structures of Oxide Superconductors — Development of Concepts (With 16 Figures).- Oxygen Nonstoichiometry and Valence States in Superconductive Cuprates (With 22 Figures).- Superconductivity and Magnetism in Chevrel Phases (With 10 Figures).- Organic Superconductivity: The Role of Low Dimensionality and Magnetism (With 19 Figures).- Flux Quantisation and Quantum Coherence in Conventional and HTC Superconductors and Their Application to SQUID Magnetometry (With 13 Figures).- Similarities and Differences Between Conventional and High-Tc Superconductors (With 2 Figures).- II Coherence-Length-Related Properties.- Short Coherence Length and Granular Effects in Conventional and High Tc Superconductors (With 11 Figures).- Critical Currents in Single-Crystal and Bicrystal Films (With 1 Figure).- What Limits the Critical Current Density in High-Tc Superconductors? (With 11 Figures).- Muon Spin Rotation Experiments in High-Tc Superconductors (With 7 Figures).- (Spin) Glass Behavior in High-Tc Superconductors (With 20 Figures).- Microwave Absorption in Granular Superconductors (With 8 Figures).- Microwaves and Superconductivity: Processes in the Intergranular Medium.- III Electronic and Magnetic Properties.- Superconductivity of Strongly Correlated Electrons: Heavy-Fermion Systems (With 10 Figures).- Pair Breaking in Superconductors (With 13 Figures).- On the Electronic Structure and Related Physical Properties of 3d Transition Metal Compounds (With 16 Figures).- The Electronic Structure of Previous and Present High-Tc Superconductors — Investigations with High-Energy Spectroscopies (With 20 Figures).- A Positive Experimental Test for Pairing Mechanisms Including $$3{d_{{z^2}}}$$ Hole Symmetry: Correlation of the Relative Weight of $$3{d_{{z^2}}}{\rm{ vs }}3{d_{{x^2} - {y^2}}}$$ Hole States with the Critical Temperature.- Magnetic and Electronic Correlations in YBa2Cu3O6+xx (With 13 Figures).- Magnetic Correlations and Spin Dynamics in La2-xSrxCuO4 from NQR Relaxation (With 14 Figures).- A Credo for a Spy: Nuclear Spin Interactions in Superconductors (With 6 Figures).- IV Theoretical Models.- Phonons and Charge-Transfer Excitations in High-Temperature Superconductors (With 5 Figures).- Experimental Constraints and Theory of Layered High-Temperature Superconductors (With 5 Figures).- Generalized Hubbard Models for Cu-O-Based Superconductors: Field-Theoretical and Monte-Carlo Results (With 9 Figures).- Index of Contributors.

O autorze

Newcomers to the field of superconductivity who seek an overall picture of the area, and of the cross-links between its branches, will find just what they need in this volume. The various contributions describe the fundamental properties, structure and electronic properties of the different categories of superconductors.